NSSI in older adults: A systematic review

Description

Introduction. Although prevalence rates suggest that non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) occurs among adults aged 60 years and over, literature on risk and protective factors of NSSI in older adults is scarce. This is alarming as it has been suggested that the risk and protective factors relevant for younger populations might not always apply to this population. Method. To consolidate existing literature and inform directions for future research, a systematic review (i.e., MOOSE) on risk and protective factors of NSSI among adults 60 years and over was conducted. Since literature on NSSI in older adults was sparse, we also drew from literature on indirect self-harm and suicidal thoughts and behaviors in older adults throughout the past 20 years. Results. A variety of risk factors were identified, some of which were specific to 60+ populations (e.g., loss of societal role, declining health); However, studies were limited because the majority applied a retrospective study design and was performed in collectivistic cultures. Moreover, few studies thus far specified whether suicidal intent was present, and NSSI was often confounded with suicidal behavior. Discussion. A lack of specification may lead to biased findings regarding prevalence rates, risk and protective factors and interventions. In addition to delineating NSSI from suicidal behavior, future research should apply a longitudinal, cross-cultural design that distinguishes between the specific forms of self-harm, such as NSSI. This will not only allow us to intervene at an earlier stage in the suicidal process, but also help to prevent NSSI repetition.

Period	2023
Event title	International Society for the Study of Self-Injury Annual Conference
Event type	Conference
Location	Vienna, AustriaShow on map