Variability of explosive volcanic eruptions: interdependence of source morphology and eruptive style

Explosive eruptions are dangerous events capable of impacting
human lives on a broad range of scales. Volcanic vent-and-crater
area, from which eruptions are produced, continuously change in
shape due to erosion and material deposition. Recent studies have
shown that morphological changes of this area can strongly impact
the volcanic activity type. However, little has been done to
understand the morphological properties of these vents and their
interactions with eruption dynamics. Answering these questions is
crucial to better forecast the intensity of future eruptions and help
prevent disasters like the last paroxysm of Stromboli volcano in 2019.
In this project, we tackle this gap through a novel approach
combining ground-based high-speed and high-resolution cameras
and unoccupied aircraft system imaging of Strombolian explosions.
First we will design and test a methodology capable of imaging the
vent-and-crater area before and after the occurrence of eruptive
events while simultaneously characterizing the eruptive event itself.
Data will be acquired during field campaigns targeting volcanoes with
permanent Strombolian activity. Acquired data will then allow to
investigate the interdependence of source morphology and explosive
eruption style. The outcome of this project will be empirical
quantitative models providing new insights on the existing
interrelation between vent evolution and eruptive dynamics with
crucial applications in volcano monitoring and hazard assessment.