A Bee Algorithm for Multi-Agent Systems: Recruitment and Navigation Combined

In this paper we present a new, non-pheromone-based algorithm inspired by the behaviour of biological bees. The algorithm combines both recruitment and navigation strategies. We investigate whether this new algorithm outperforms pheromone-based algorithms in the task of foraging. From our experiments, we conclude that (i) the non-pheromone-based algorithm is significantly more efficient when finding and collecting food, i.e., it uses fewer iterations to complete the task; (ii) the non-pheromone-based algorithm is more scalable, i.e., it requires less computation time to complete the task, even though in small worlds, pheromone-based algorithms are faster on a time-per-iteration measure; and finally, (iii) our current non-pheromone-based algorithm is less adaptive than pheromone-based algorithms.