TY - JOUR
T1 - A new concept of thermal management system in Li-ion battery using air cooling and heat pipe for electric vehicles
AU - Behi, Hamidreza
AU - Karimi, Danial
AU - Behi, Mohammadreza
AU - Ghanbarpour, Morteza
AU - Jaguemont, Joris
AU - Akbarzadeh Sokkeh, Mohsen
AU - Heidari Gandoman, Foad
AU - Berecibar, Maitane
AU - Van Mierlo, Joeri
PY - 2020/6/25
Y1 - 2020/6/25
N2 - This paper presents the concept of a hybrid thermal management system (TMS), including air cooling and heat pipe for electric vehicles (EVs). Mathematical and thermal models are described to predict the thermal behavior of a battery module consisting of 24 cylindrical cells. Details of various thermal management techniques, especially natural air cooling and forced-air cooling TMS are discussed and compared. Moreover, several optimizations comprising the effect of cell spacing, air velocity, different ambient temperatures, and adding a heat pipe with copper sheets (HPCS) are proposed. The mathematical models are solved by COMSOL Multiphysics®, the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. The simulation results are validated against experimental data indicating that the proposed cooling method is robust to optimize the TMS with HPCS, which provides guidelines for further design optimization for similar systems. Results indicate that the maximum module temperature for the cooling strategy using forced-air cooling, heat pipe, and HPCS reaches 42.4 °C, 37.5 °C, and 37.1 °C which can reduce the module temperature compared with natural air cooling by up to 34.5%, 42.1%, and 42.7% respectively. Furthermore, there is 39.2%, 66.5%, and 73.4% improvement in the temperature uniformity of the battery module for forced-air cooling, heat pipe, and HPCS respectively.
AB - This paper presents the concept of a hybrid thermal management system (TMS), including air cooling and heat pipe for electric vehicles (EVs). Mathematical and thermal models are described to predict the thermal behavior of a battery module consisting of 24 cylindrical cells. Details of various thermal management techniques, especially natural air cooling and forced-air cooling TMS are discussed and compared. Moreover, several optimizations comprising the effect of cell spacing, air velocity, different ambient temperatures, and adding a heat pipe with copper sheets (HPCS) are proposed. The mathematical models are solved by COMSOL Multiphysics®, the commercial computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software. The simulation results are validated against experimental data indicating that the proposed cooling method is robust to optimize the TMS with HPCS, which provides guidelines for further design optimization for similar systems. Results indicate that the maximum module temperature for the cooling strategy using forced-air cooling, heat pipe, and HPCS reaches 42.4 °C, 37.5 °C, and 37.1 °C which can reduce the module temperature compared with natural air cooling by up to 34.5%, 42.1%, and 42.7% respectively. Furthermore, there is 39.2%, 66.5%, and 73.4% improvement in the temperature uniformity of the battery module for forced-air cooling, heat pipe, and HPCS respectively.
KW - Lithium-ion battery
KW - Battery thermal management
KW - Air cooling system
KW - Heat pipe
KW - Computational Fluid Dynamics
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85084088255&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115280
DO - 10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2020.115280
M3 - Article
VL - 174
SP - 1
EP - 14
JO - Applied Thermal Engineering
JF - Applied Thermal Engineering
SN - 1359-4311
M1 - 115280
ER -