Autologous dendritic cell vaccination against HIV-1 induces changes in natural killer cell phenotype and functionality

Thessa Laeremans; Sabine den Roover; Cynthia Lungu; Sigrid D'haese; Rob A Gruters; Sabine D Allard; Joeri L Aerts

doi:10.1038/s41541-023-00631-z

Autologous dendritic cell vaccination against HIV-1 induces changes in natural killer cell phenotype and functionality

Thessa Laeremans, Sabine den Roover, Cynthia Lungu, Sigrid D'haese, Rob A Gruters, Sabine D Allard, Joeri L Aerts

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Abstract

Although natural killer (NK) cells have been studied in connection with dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination in the field of cancer immunology, their role has barely been addressed in the context of therapeutic vaccination against HIV-1. In this study, we evaluated whether a therapeutic DC-based vaccine consisting of monocyte-derived DCs electroporated with Tat, Rev and Nef encoding mRNA affects NK cell frequency, phenotype and functionality in HIV-1-infected individuals. Although the frequency of total NK cells did not change, we observed a significant increase in cytotoxic NK cells following immunisation. In addition, significant changes in the NK cell phenotype associated with migration and exhaustion were observed together with increased NK cell-mediated killing and (poly)functionality. Our results show that DC-based vaccination has profound effects on NK cells, which highlights the importance of evaluating NK cells in future clinical trials looking at DC-based immunotherapy in the context of HIV-1 infection.

Original language	English
Article number	29
Pages (from-to)	1-13
Number of pages	13
Journal	NPJ vaccines
Volume	8
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1038/s41541-023-00631-z
Publication status	Published - 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We would like to thank all study participants for their collaboration and Wilfried Cools from the Interfaculty Center Data Processing & Statistics of the VUB—for his advice on statistical analyses. J.L.A. and S.D.A. received funding from Fond Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO-TBM; 140189), Scientific Fund Willy Gepts of the UZ Brussel and a Gillead Fellowship. S.D. is supported by a FWO-SB PhD grant (1S30319N). R.A.G. and C.L. received funding from AIDSfonds (60804).

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023, The Author(s).

Copyright:
Copyright 2023 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

Keywords

Natural Killer Cells
dendritic cell
vaccination
cancer immunology
HIV-1
Autologous dendritic cell vaccination

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94737346Final published version, 3.22 MBLicence: CC BY

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title = "Autologous dendritic cell vaccination against HIV-1 induces changes in natural killer cell phenotype and functionality",

abstract = "Although natural killer (NK) cells have been studied in connection with dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination in the field of cancer immunology, their role has barely been addressed in the context of therapeutic vaccination against HIV-1. In this study, we evaluated whether a therapeutic DC-based vaccine consisting of monocyte-derived DCs electroporated with Tat, Rev and Nef encoding mRNA affects NK cell frequency, phenotype and functionality in HIV-1-infected individuals. Although the frequency of total NK cells did not change, we observed a significant increase in cytotoxic NK cells following immunisation. In addition, significant changes in the NK cell phenotype associated with migration and exhaustion were observed together with increased NK cell-mediated killing and (poly)functionality. Our results show that DC-based vaccination has profound effects on NK cells, which highlights the importance of evaluating NK cells in future clinical trials looking at DC-based immunotherapy in the context of HIV-1 infection.",

keywords = "Natural Killer Cells, dendritic cell, vaccination, cancer immunology, HIV-1, Autologous dendritic cell vaccination",

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note = "Funding Information: We would like to thank all study participants for their collaboration and Wilfried Cools from the Interfaculty Center Data Processing & Statistics of the VUB—for his advice on statistical analyses. J.L.A. and S.D.A. received funding from Fond Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (FWO-TBM; 140189), Scientific Fund Willy Gepts of the UZ Brussel and a Gillead Fellowship. S.D. is supported by a FWO-SB PhD grant (1S30319N). R.A.G. and C.L. received funding from AIDSfonds (60804). Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023, The Author(s). Copyright: Copyright 2023 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

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AU - D'haese, Sigrid

AU - Gruters, Rob A

AU - Allard, Sabine D

AU - Aerts, Joeri L

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PY - 2023

Y1 - 2023

N2 - Although natural killer (NK) cells have been studied in connection with dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination in the field of cancer immunology, their role has barely been addressed in the context of therapeutic vaccination against HIV-1. In this study, we evaluated whether a therapeutic DC-based vaccine consisting of monocyte-derived DCs electroporated with Tat, Rev and Nef encoding mRNA affects NK cell frequency, phenotype and functionality in HIV-1-infected individuals. Although the frequency of total NK cells did not change, we observed a significant increase in cytotoxic NK cells following immunisation. In addition, significant changes in the NK cell phenotype associated with migration and exhaustion were observed together with increased NK cell-mediated killing and (poly)functionality. Our results show that DC-based vaccination has profound effects on NK cells, which highlights the importance of evaluating NK cells in future clinical trials looking at DC-based immunotherapy in the context of HIV-1 infection.

AB - Although natural killer (NK) cells have been studied in connection with dendritic cell (DC)-based vaccination in the field of cancer immunology, their role has barely been addressed in the context of therapeutic vaccination against HIV-1. In this study, we evaluated whether a therapeutic DC-based vaccine consisting of monocyte-derived DCs electroporated with Tat, Rev and Nef encoding mRNA affects NK cell frequency, phenotype and functionality in HIV-1-infected individuals. Although the frequency of total NK cells did not change, we observed a significant increase in cytotoxic NK cells following immunisation. In addition, significant changes in the NK cell phenotype associated with migration and exhaustion were observed together with increased NK cell-mediated killing and (poly)functionality. Our results show that DC-based vaccination has profound effects on NK cells, which highlights the importance of evaluating NK cells in future clinical trials looking at DC-based immunotherapy in the context of HIV-1 infection.

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Autologous dendritic cell vaccination against HIV-1 induces changes in natural killer cell phenotype and functionality

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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SRP86: SRP-Groeifinanciering: Unravelling host-pathogen-immune interactions in infectious diseases: the good, the bad and the ugly

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Autologous dendritic cell vaccination against HIV-1 induces changes in natural killer cell phenotype and functionality

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

Access to Document

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SRP86: SRP-Groeifinanciering: Unravelling host-pathogen-immune interactions in infectious diseases: the good, the bad and the ugly

Cite this