CPVT: Arrhythmogenesis, Therapeutic Management, and Future Perspectives. A Brief Review of the Literature: Arrhythmogenesis, Therapeutic Management, and Future Perspectives. A Brief Review of the Literature

Giannis G. Baltogiannis, Dimitrios N. Lysitsas, Giacomo di Giovanni, Giuseppe Ciconte, Juan Sieira, Giulio Conte, Theofilos M. Kolettis, Gian-Battista Chierchia, Carlo de Asmundis, Pedro Brugada

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

47 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Catecholaminergic Polymorphic Ventricular Tachycardia (CPVT) is a primary electrical disease characterized by a normal resting electrocardiogram and induction of malignant arrhythmias during adrenergic stress leading to syncope or sudden cardiac death (SCD). CPVT is caused by mutations in the cardiac ryanodine receptor (RyR2) or in the sarcoplasmic reticulum protein calsequestrin 2 genes (CASQ2). The RyR2 mutations are responsible for the autosomal dominant form of CPVT, while CASQ2 mutations are rare and account for the recessive form. These mutations cause a substantial inballance in the homeostasis of intracellular calcium resulting in polymorphic ventricular tachycardia through triggered activity. Beta blockers were for years the cornerstone of therapy in these patients. Sodium channel blockers, especially flecainide, have an additive role in those not responding in beta blockade. Implantation of defibrillators needs a meticulous evaluation since inappropriate shocks may lead to electrical storm. Finally, cardiac sympathetic denervation might also be an alternative therapeutic option. Early identification and risk stratification is of major importance in patients with CPVT. The aim of the present review is to present the arrhythmogenic mechanisms of the disease, the current therapies applied and potential future perspectives.
Original languageEnglish
Article number92
Number of pages4
JournalFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine
Volume6
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 12 Jul 2019

Keywords

  • arrhythmias
  • channelopathies
  • CPVT
  • genes
  • risk stratification
  • sudden death
  • defibrillator
  • beta adrenergic receptor blocking agent
  • calmodulin
  • calsequestrin
  • flecainide
  • inwardly rectifying potassium channel subunit Kir2.1
  • ryanodine receptor 2
  • arrhythmogenesis
  • bradycardia
  • calcium homeostasis
  • catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia
  • cohort analysis
  • electrocardiography
  • gene mutation
  • heart arrest
  • heart arrhythmia
  • heart ventricle contractility
  • heart ventricle tachycardia
  • human
  • in vitro study
  • retrospective study
  • review

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