Dietary magnesium intake in relation to body mass index and glycemic indices in middle school students from the HEALTHY Study

Manal Naseeb; Brandy-Joe Milliron; Michael L Bruneau; Deeptha Sukumar; Gary D Foster; Sinclair A Smith; Stella L Volpe

doi:10.1177/0260106020982345

Dietary magnesium intake in relation to body mass index and glycemic indices in middle school students from the HEALTHY Study

Manal Naseeb, Brandy-Joe Milliron, Michael L Bruneau, Deeptha Sukumar, Gary D Foster, Sinclair A Smith, Stella L Volpe

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

1 Citation (Scopus)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Data on dietary magnesium intake on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among children and adolescents is limited.

AIM: We examined whether dietary magnesium intake was related to body mass index (BMI) percentile, and glycemic indices at baseline and at end of the HEALTHY Study for both intervention and control schools. The HEALTHY Study was a multi-component, school-based intervention, to prevent T2DM in children and adolescents from 6th to 8th grades.

METHODS: A secondary data analyses of 2181 ethnically diverse students with completed dietary records, BMI percentile, and plasma insulin and glucose concentrations at baseline (6th grade) and end of study (8th grade) were included from the HEALTHY Study. Dietary magnesium intake was self-reported using the Block Kids Food Frequency Questionnaire. A hierarchical multiple regression model was used to determine the relationships between dietary magnesium intake, BMI percentile, and glycemic indices at baseline and end of the HEALTHY Study, adjusting for magnesium intake from supplements, total energy intake, and fitness level.

RESULTS: Dietary magnesium intake was related to BMI percentile at baseline and at end of the HEATHY Study (β = -0.05, 95% CI = -0.02 to 0, p = 0.04; β = -0.06, 95% CI = -0.02 to -0.003, p = 0.004); R 2 [regression coefficient effect size] = 0.03; R 2 = 0.06). Dietary magnesium intake was not related to plasma insulin and glucose concentrations at baseline and end of the HEALTHY Study.

CONCLUSION: Dietary magnesium intake was inversely related to BMI percentile among middle school students from the HEALTHY Study. Research is required to evaluate the dose-response relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption (good sources of magnesium) and risk of T2DM in children and adolescents. This relationship also needs to be explored among different BMI categories.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	211-219
Number of pages	9
Journal	Nutrition and health
Volume	27
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1177/0260106020982345
Publication status	Published - Jun 2021

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
We acknowledge the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), for allowing us to use these data. The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: There are no funding sources, or financial relationships with commercial interests to declare. MN had her PhD education sponsored by a scholarship from King Abdulaziz University.

Funding Information:
The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: There are no funding sources, or financial relationships with commercial interests to declare. MN had her PhD education sponsored by a scholarship from King Abdulaziz University.

Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s) 2021.

Copyright:
Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

Keywords

Adolescent
Body Mass Index
Child
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology
Glycemic Index
Humans
Magnesium
Schools
Students

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10.1177/0260106020982345

Cite this

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title = "Dietary magnesium intake in relation to body mass index and glycemic indices in middle school students from the HEALTHY Study",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: Data on dietary magnesium intake on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among children and adolescents is limited.AIM: We examined whether dietary magnesium intake was related to body mass index (BMI) percentile, and glycemic indices at baseline and at end of the HEALTHY Study for both intervention and control schools. The HEALTHY Study was a multi-component, school-based intervention, to prevent T2DM in children and adolescents from 6th to 8th grades.METHODS: A secondary data analyses of 2181 ethnically diverse students with completed dietary records, BMI percentile, and plasma insulin and glucose concentrations at baseline (6th grade) and end of study (8th grade) were included from the HEALTHY Study. Dietary magnesium intake was self-reported using the Block Kids Food Frequency Questionnaire. A hierarchical multiple regression model was used to determine the relationships between dietary magnesium intake, BMI percentile, and glycemic indices at baseline and end of the HEALTHY Study, adjusting for magnesium intake from supplements, total energy intake, and fitness level.RESULTS: Dietary magnesium intake was related to BMI percentile at baseline and at end of the HEATHY Study (β = -0.05, 95% CI = -0.02 to 0, p = 0.04; β = -0.06, 95% CI = -0.02 to -0.003, p = 0.004); R 2 [regression coefficient effect size] = 0.03; R 2 = 0.06). Dietary magnesium intake was not related to plasma insulin and glucose concentrations at baseline and end of the HEALTHY Study.CONCLUSION: Dietary magnesium intake was inversely related to BMI percentile among middle school students from the HEALTHY Study. Research is required to evaluate the dose-response relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption (good sources of magnesium) and risk of T2DM in children and adolescents. This relationship also needs to be explored among different BMI categories.",

keywords = "Adolescent, Body Mass Index, Child, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology, Glycemic Index, Humans, Magnesium, Schools, Students",

author = "Manal Naseeb and Brandy-Joe Milliron and Bruneau, {Michael L} and Deeptha Sukumar and Foster, {Gary D} and Smith, {Sinclair A} and Volpe, {Stella L}",

note = "Funding Information: We acknowledge the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), for allowing us to use these data. The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: There are no funding sources, or financial relationships with commercial interests to declare. MN had her PhD education sponsored by a scholarship from King Abdulaziz University. Funding Information: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: There are no funding sources, or financial relationships with commercial interests to declare. MN had her PhD education sponsored by a scholarship from King Abdulaziz University. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} The Author(s) 2021. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

year = "2021",

month = jun,

doi = "10.1177/0260106020982345",

language = "English",

volume = "27",

pages = "211--219",

journal = "Nutrition and health",

issn = "0260-1060",

publisher = "SAGE Publications Ltd",

number = "2",

}

Dietary magnesium intake in relation to body mass index and glycemic indices in middle school students from the HEALTHY Study. / Naseeb, Manal; Milliron, Brandy-Joe; Bruneau, Michael L; Sukumar, Deeptha; Foster, Gary D; Smith, Sinclair A; Volpe, Stella L.

In: Nutrition and health, Vol. 27, No. 2, 06.2021, p. 211-219.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - Dietary magnesium intake in relation to body mass index and glycemic indices in middle school students from the HEALTHY Study

AU - Naseeb, Manal

AU - Milliron, Brandy-Joe

AU - Bruneau, Michael L

AU - Sukumar, Deeptha

AU - Foster, Gary D

AU - Smith, Sinclair A

AU - Volpe, Stella L

N1 - Funding Information: We acknowledge the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease (NIDDK) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), for allowing us to use these data. The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: There are no funding sources, or financial relationships with commercial interests to declare. MN had her PhD education sponsored by a scholarship from King Abdulaziz University. Funding Information: The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: There are no funding sources, or financial relationships with commercial interests to declare. MN had her PhD education sponsored by a scholarship from King Abdulaziz University. Publisher Copyright: © The Author(s) 2021. Copyright: Copyright 2021 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2021/6

Y1 - 2021/6

N2 - BACKGROUND: Data on dietary magnesium intake on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among children and adolescents is limited.AIM: We examined whether dietary magnesium intake was related to body mass index (BMI) percentile, and glycemic indices at baseline and at end of the HEALTHY Study for both intervention and control schools. The HEALTHY Study was a multi-component, school-based intervention, to prevent T2DM in children and adolescents from 6th to 8th grades.METHODS: A secondary data analyses of 2181 ethnically diverse students with completed dietary records, BMI percentile, and plasma insulin and glucose concentrations at baseline (6th grade) and end of study (8th grade) were included from the HEALTHY Study. Dietary magnesium intake was self-reported using the Block Kids Food Frequency Questionnaire. A hierarchical multiple regression model was used to determine the relationships between dietary magnesium intake, BMI percentile, and glycemic indices at baseline and end of the HEALTHY Study, adjusting for magnesium intake from supplements, total energy intake, and fitness level.RESULTS: Dietary magnesium intake was related to BMI percentile at baseline and at end of the HEATHY Study (β = -0.05, 95% CI = -0.02 to 0, p = 0.04; β = -0.06, 95% CI = -0.02 to -0.003, p = 0.004); R 2 [regression coefficient effect size] = 0.03; R 2 = 0.06). Dietary magnesium intake was not related to plasma insulin and glucose concentrations at baseline and end of the HEALTHY Study.CONCLUSION: Dietary magnesium intake was inversely related to BMI percentile among middle school students from the HEALTHY Study. Research is required to evaluate the dose-response relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption (good sources of magnesium) and risk of T2DM in children and adolescents. This relationship also needs to be explored among different BMI categories.

AB - BACKGROUND: Data on dietary magnesium intake on the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) among children and adolescents is limited.AIM: We examined whether dietary magnesium intake was related to body mass index (BMI) percentile, and glycemic indices at baseline and at end of the HEALTHY Study for both intervention and control schools. The HEALTHY Study was a multi-component, school-based intervention, to prevent T2DM in children and adolescents from 6th to 8th grades.METHODS: A secondary data analyses of 2181 ethnically diverse students with completed dietary records, BMI percentile, and plasma insulin and glucose concentrations at baseline (6th grade) and end of study (8th grade) were included from the HEALTHY Study. Dietary magnesium intake was self-reported using the Block Kids Food Frequency Questionnaire. A hierarchical multiple regression model was used to determine the relationships between dietary magnesium intake, BMI percentile, and glycemic indices at baseline and end of the HEALTHY Study, adjusting for magnesium intake from supplements, total energy intake, and fitness level.RESULTS: Dietary magnesium intake was related to BMI percentile at baseline and at end of the HEATHY Study (β = -0.05, 95% CI = -0.02 to 0, p = 0.04; β = -0.06, 95% CI = -0.02 to -0.003, p = 0.004); R 2 [regression coefficient effect size] = 0.03; R 2 = 0.06). Dietary magnesium intake was not related to plasma insulin and glucose concentrations at baseline and end of the HEALTHY Study.CONCLUSION: Dietary magnesium intake was inversely related to BMI percentile among middle school students from the HEALTHY Study. Research is required to evaluate the dose-response relationship between fruit and vegetable consumption (good sources of magnesium) and risk of T2DM in children and adolescents. This relationship also needs to be explored among different BMI categories.

KW - Adolescent

KW - Body Mass Index

KW - Child

KW - Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology

KW - Glycemic Index

KW - Humans

KW - Magnesium

KW - Schools

KW - Students

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U2 - 10.1177/0260106020982345

DO - 10.1177/0260106020982345

M3 - Article

C2 - 33530870

VL - 27

SP - 211

EP - 219

JO - Nutrition and health

JF - Nutrition and health

SN - 0260-1060

IS - 2

ER -

Dietary magnesium intake in relation to body mass index and glycemic indices in middle school students from the HEALTHY Study

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