Dietary nitrate supplementation increases nitrate and nitrite concentrations in human skin interstitial fluid

Naoto Fujii, Shin Omori, Yufuko Kataoka, Gulinu Maimaituxun, Stephen J Bailey, Alex B Lloyd, Josh T Arnold, Tatsuro Amano, Yoko Tanabe, Naomi Omi, Koichi Watanabe, Takeshi Nishiyasu

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

5 Citations (Scopus)
29 Downloads (Pure)

Abstract

Acute dietary nitrate (NO3-) supplementation can increase [NO3-], but not nitrite ([NO2-]), in human skeletal muscle, though its effect on [NO3-] and [NO2-] in skin remains unknown. In an independent group design, 11 young adults ingested 140 mL of NO3--rich beetroot juice (BR; 9.6 mmol NO3-), and 6 young adults ingested 140 mL of a NO3--depleted placebo (PL). Skin dialysate, acquired through intradermal microdialysis, and venous blood samples were collected at baseline and every hour post-ingestion up to 4 h to assess dialysate and plasma [NO3-] and [NO2-]. The relative recovery rate of NO3- and NO2- through the microdialysis probe (73.1% and 62.8%), determined in a separate experiment, was used to estimate skin interstitial [NO3-] and [NO2-]. Baseline [NO3-] was lower, whereas baseline [NO2-] was higher in the skin interstitial fluid relative to plasma (both P < 0.001). Acute BR ingestion increased [NO3-] and [NO2-] in the skin interstitial fluid and plasma (all P < 0.001), with the magnitude being smaller in the skin interstitial fluid (e.g., 183 ± 54 vs. 491 ± 62 μM for Δ[NO3-] from baseline and 155 ± 190 vs. 217 ± 204 nM for Δ[NO2-] from baseline at 3 h post BR ingestion, both P ≤ 0.037). However, due to the aforementioned baseline differences, skin interstitial fluid [NO2-] post BR ingestion was higher, whereas [NO3-] was lower relative to plasma (all P < 0.001). These findings extend our understanding of NO3- and NO2- distribution at rest and indicate that acute BR supplementation increases [NO3-] and [NO2-] in human skin interstitial fluid.

Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)10-16
Number of pages7
JournalNitric Oxide - Biology and Chemistry
Volume134-135
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 1 May 2023

Keywords

  • Young Adult
  • Humans
  • Nitrates
  • Extracellular Fluid
  • Nitrogen Dioxide
  • Blood Pressure
  • Nitrites
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Dialysis Solutions/pharmacology
  • Beta vulgaris
  • Cross-Over Studies
  • Double-Blind Method

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