Effects of ocean mesoscale eddies on atmosphere–sea ice–ocean interactions off Adélie Land, East Antarctica

P. V. Huot; C. Kittel; T. Fichefet; N. C. Jourdain; X. Fettweis

doi:10.1007/s00382-021-06115-x

Effects of ocean mesoscale eddies on atmosphere–sea ice–ocean interactions off Adélie Land, East Antarctica

P. V. Huot
, C. Kittel
, T. Fichefet
, N. C. Jourdain
, X. Fettweis

Geography

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

Heat and momentum exchanges at the Southern Ocean surface are crucial for the Earth’s Climate, but the importance of the small-scale spatial variability of these surface fluxes is poorly understood. Here, we explore how small-scale heterogeneities of the surface conditions due in particular to ocean eddies affect the atmosphere–sea ice–ocean interactions off Adélie Land, in East Antarctica. To this end, we use a high-resolution regional atmosphere–sea ice–ocean coupled model based on the NEMO-LIM and MAR models. We explore how the atmosphere responds to small-scale heterogeneity of the ocean or sea ice surface conditions, how eddies affect the sea ice and atmosphere, and how the eddy-driven surface fluxes impact the heat, freshwater, and momentum budget of the ocean. The atmosphere is found to be more sensitive to small-scale surface temperature gradients above the ice-covered than above the ice-free ocean. Sea ice concentration is found to be weaker above anticyclonic than cyclonic eddies due to increased sea ice melting or freezing (0.8 cm/day) partly compensated by sea ice convergence or divergence. The imprint of ice-free eddies on the atmosphere is weak, but in the presence of sea ice, air warming (+ 0.3 ^∘C) and wind intensification (+ 0.1 m/s) are found above anticyclonic eddies, while cyclonic eddies have the opposite effects. Removing the interactions of eddies with the sea ice or atmosphere does not affect the total sea ice volume, but increases the ocean kinetic energy by 8% and weakens northward advection of sea ice, leading to a 15% decrease in freshwater flux north of 62.5 ^∘S and weaker ocean restratification.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	41-60
Number of pages	20
Journal	Climate Dynamics
Volume	59
Issue number	1-2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s00382-021-06115-x
Publication status	Published - Jul 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Camille Lique and Lionel Renault for fruitful discussions. The authors would also thank the two anonymous reviewers who contributed to the improvement of this manuscript. This research was conducted within the F.R.S.-FNRS PDR T.0002.16 “Air–Ice–Ocean Interactions in Antarctica” and the PARAMOUR project, funded by the FWO and F.R.S.-FNRS under the Excellence of Science (EOS) program (Grant EOS O0100718F). Computational resources have been provided by the supercomputing facilities of the Université catholique de Louvain (CISM/UCL) and the Consortium des Équipements de Calcul Intensif en Fédération Wallonie Bruxelles (CÉCI) funded by the Fond de la Recherche Scientifique de Belgique (F.R.S.-FNRS) under convention 2.5020.11. The present research benefited from computational resources made available on the Tier-1 supercomputer of the Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, infrastructure funded by the Walloon Region under the grant agreement n 1117545. N. Jourdain’s contribution was supported by the CRiceS project, which received funding from the European Union’s Horizon H2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101003826.

Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank Camille Lique and Lionel Renault for fruitful discussions. The authors would also thank the two anonymous reviewers who contributed to the improvement of this manuscript. This research was conducted within the F.R.S.-FNRS PDR T.0002.16 “Air–Ice–Ocean Interactions in Antarctica” and the PARAMOUR project, funded by the FWO and F.R.S.-FNRS under the Excellence of Science (EOS) program (Grant EOS O0100718F). Computational resources have been provided by the supercomputing facilities of the Université catholique de Louvain (CISM/UCL) and the Consortium des Équipements de Calcul Intensif en Fédération Wallonie Bruxelles (CÉCI) funded by the Fond de la Recherche Scientifique de Belgique (F.R.S.-FNRS) under convention 2.5020.11. The present research benefited from computational resources made available on the Tier-1 supercomputer of the Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, infrastructure funded by the Walloon Region under the grant agreement 1117545. N. Jourdain’s contribution was supported by the CRiceS project, which received funding from the European Union’s Horizon H2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101003826.

Funding Information:
This research was conducted within the F.R.S.-FNRS PDR T.0002.16 “Air–Ice–Ocean Interactions in Antarctica” and the PARAMOUR project, funded by the FWO and F.R.S.-FNRS under the Excellence of Science (EOS) program (Grant EOS O0100718F). N. Jourdain’s contribution was supported by the CRiceS project, which received funding from the European Union’s Horizon H2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101003826.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022, The Author(s).

Keywords

Atmosphere–sea ice–ocean interactions
Mesoscale
Regional Coupled Model
Sea ice
Southern Ocean

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Cite this

@article{81bcd1ea042147eaa64f7689fbd4988a,

title = "Effects of ocean mesoscale eddies on atmosphere–sea ice–ocean interactions off Ad{\'e}lie Land, East Antarctica",

abstract = "Heat and momentum exchanges at the Southern Ocean surface are crucial for the Earth{\textquoteright}s Climate, but the importance of the small-scale spatial variability of these surface fluxes is poorly understood. Here, we explore how small-scale heterogeneities of the surface conditions due in particular to ocean eddies affect the atmosphere–sea ice–ocean interactions off Ad{\'e}lie Land, in East Antarctica. To this end, we use a high-resolution regional atmosphere–sea ice–ocean coupled model based on the NEMO-LIM and MAR models. We explore how the atmosphere responds to small-scale heterogeneity of the ocean or sea ice surface conditions, how eddies affect the sea ice and atmosphere, and how the eddy-driven surface fluxes impact the heat, freshwater, and momentum budget of the ocean. The atmosphere is found to be more sensitive to small-scale surface temperature gradients above the ice-covered than above the ice-free ocean. Sea ice concentration is found to be weaker above anticyclonic than cyclonic eddies due to increased sea ice melting or freezing (0.8 cm/day) partly compensated by sea ice convergence or divergence. The imprint of ice-free eddies on the atmosphere is weak, but in the presence of sea ice, air warming (+ 0.3 ∘C) and wind intensification (+ 0.1 m/s) are found above anticyclonic eddies, while cyclonic eddies have the opposite effects. Removing the interactions of eddies with the sea ice or atmosphere does not affect the total sea ice volume, but increases the ocean kinetic energy by 8\% and weakens northward advection of sea ice, leading to a 15\% decrease in freshwater flux north of 62.5 ∘S and weaker ocean restratification.",

keywords = "Atmosphere–sea ice–ocean interactions, Mesoscale, Regional Coupled Model, Sea ice, Southern Ocean",

author = "Huot, \{P. V.\} and C. Kittel and T. Fichefet and Jourdain, \{N. C.\} and X. Fettweis",

note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Camille Lique and Lionel Renault for fruitful discussions. The authors would also thank the two anonymous reviewers who contributed to the improvement of this manuscript. This research was conducted within the F.R.S.-FNRS PDR T.0002.16 “Air–Ice–Ocean Interactions in Antarctica” and the PARAMOUR project, funded by the FWO and F.R.S.-FNRS under the Excellence of Science (EOS) program (Grant EOS O0100718F). Computational resources have been provided by the supercomputing facilities of the Universit{\'e} catholique de Louvain (CISM/UCL) and the Consortium des {\'E}quipements de Calcul Intensif en F{\'e}d{\'e}ration Wallonie Bruxelles (C{\'E}CI) funded by the Fond de la Recherche Scientifique de Belgique (F.R.S.-FNRS) under convention 2.5020.11. The present research benefited from computational resources made available on the Tier-1 supercomputer of the F{\'e}d{\'e}ration Wallonie-Bruxelles, infrastructure funded by the Walloon Region under the grant agreement n 1117545. N. Jourdain{\textquoteright}s contribution was supported by the CRiceS project, which received funding from the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon H2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101003826. Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Camille Lique and Lionel Renault for fruitful discussions. The authors would also thank the two anonymous reviewers who contributed to the improvement of this manuscript. This research was conducted within the F.R.S.-FNRS PDR T.0002.16 “Air–Ice–Ocean Interactions in Antarctica” and the PARAMOUR project, funded by the FWO and F.R.S.-FNRS under the Excellence of Science (EOS) program (Grant EOS O0100718F). Computational resources have been provided by the supercomputing facilities of the Universit{\'e} catholique de Louvain (CISM/UCL) and the Consortium des {\'E}quipements de Calcul Intensif en F{\'e}d{\'e}ration Wallonie Bruxelles (C{\'E}CI) funded by the Fond de la Recherche Scientifique de Belgique (F.R.S.-FNRS) under convention 2.5020.11. The present research benefited from computational resources made available on the Tier-1 supercomputer of the F{\'e}d{\'e}ration Wallonie-Bruxelles, infrastructure funded by the Walloon Region under the grant agreement 1117545. N. Jourdain{\textquoteright}s contribution was supported by the CRiceS project, which received funding from the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon H2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101003826. Funding Information: This research was conducted within the F.R.S.-FNRS PDR T.0002.16 “Air–Ice–Ocean Interactions in Antarctica” and the PARAMOUR project, funded by the FWO and F.R.S.-FNRS under the Excellence of Science (EOS) program (Grant EOS O0100718F). N. Jourdain{\textquoteright}s contribution was supported by the CRiceS project, which received funding from the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon H2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101003826. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022, The Author(s).",

year = "2022",

month = jul,

doi = "10.1007/s00382-021-06115-x",

language = "English",

volume = "59",

pages = "41--60",

journal = "Climate Dynamics",

issn = "0930-7575",

publisher = "Springer Verlag",

number = "1-2",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Effects of ocean mesoscale eddies on atmosphere–sea ice–ocean interactions off Adélie Land, East Antarctica

AU - Huot, P. V.

AU - Kittel, C.

AU - Fichefet, T.

AU - Jourdain, N. C.

AU - Fettweis, X.

N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Camille Lique and Lionel Renault for fruitful discussions. The authors would also thank the two anonymous reviewers who contributed to the improvement of this manuscript. This research was conducted within the F.R.S.-FNRS PDR T.0002.16 “Air–Ice–Ocean Interactions in Antarctica” and the PARAMOUR project, funded by the FWO and F.R.S.-FNRS under the Excellence of Science (EOS) program (Grant EOS O0100718F). Computational resources have been provided by the supercomputing facilities of the Université catholique de Louvain (CISM/UCL) and the Consortium des Équipements de Calcul Intensif en Fédération Wallonie Bruxelles (CÉCI) funded by the Fond de la Recherche Scientifique de Belgique (F.R.S.-FNRS) under convention 2.5020.11. The present research benefited from computational resources made available on the Tier-1 supercomputer of the Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, infrastructure funded by the Walloon Region under the grant agreement n 1117545. N. Jourdain’s contribution was supported by the CRiceS project, which received funding from the European Union’s Horizon H2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101003826. Funding Information: The authors would like to thank Camille Lique and Lionel Renault for fruitful discussions. The authors would also thank the two anonymous reviewers who contributed to the improvement of this manuscript. This research was conducted within the F.R.S.-FNRS PDR T.0002.16 “Air–Ice–Ocean Interactions in Antarctica” and the PARAMOUR project, funded by the FWO and F.R.S.-FNRS under the Excellence of Science (EOS) program (Grant EOS O0100718F). Computational resources have been provided by the supercomputing facilities of the Université catholique de Louvain (CISM/UCL) and the Consortium des Équipements de Calcul Intensif en Fédération Wallonie Bruxelles (CÉCI) funded by the Fond de la Recherche Scientifique de Belgique (F.R.S.-FNRS) under convention 2.5020.11. The present research benefited from computational resources made available on the Tier-1 supercomputer of the Fédération Wallonie-Bruxelles, infrastructure funded by the Walloon Region under the grant agreement 1117545. N. Jourdain’s contribution was supported by the CRiceS project, which received funding from the European Union’s Horizon H2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101003826. Funding Information: This research was conducted within the F.R.S.-FNRS PDR T.0002.16 “Air–Ice–Ocean Interactions in Antarctica” and the PARAMOUR project, funded by the FWO and F.R.S.-FNRS under the Excellence of Science (EOS) program (Grant EOS O0100718F). N. Jourdain’s contribution was supported by the CRiceS project, which received funding from the European Union’s Horizon H2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 101003826. Publisher Copyright: © 2022, The Author(s).

PY - 2022/7

Y1 - 2022/7

N2 - Heat and momentum exchanges at the Southern Ocean surface are crucial for the Earth’s Climate, but the importance of the small-scale spatial variability of these surface fluxes is poorly understood. Here, we explore how small-scale heterogeneities of the surface conditions due in particular to ocean eddies affect the atmosphere–sea ice–ocean interactions off Adélie Land, in East Antarctica. To this end, we use a high-resolution regional atmosphere–sea ice–ocean coupled model based on the NEMO-LIM and MAR models. We explore how the atmosphere responds to small-scale heterogeneity of the ocean or sea ice surface conditions, how eddies affect the sea ice and atmosphere, and how the eddy-driven surface fluxes impact the heat, freshwater, and momentum budget of the ocean. The atmosphere is found to be more sensitive to small-scale surface temperature gradients above the ice-covered than above the ice-free ocean. Sea ice concentration is found to be weaker above anticyclonic than cyclonic eddies due to increased sea ice melting or freezing (0.8 cm/day) partly compensated by sea ice convergence or divergence. The imprint of ice-free eddies on the atmosphere is weak, but in the presence of sea ice, air warming (+ 0.3 ∘C) and wind intensification (+ 0.1 m/s) are found above anticyclonic eddies, while cyclonic eddies have the opposite effects. Removing the interactions of eddies with the sea ice or atmosphere does not affect the total sea ice volume, but increases the ocean kinetic energy by 8% and weakens northward advection of sea ice, leading to a 15% decrease in freshwater flux north of 62.5 ∘S and weaker ocean restratification.

AB - Heat and momentum exchanges at the Southern Ocean surface are crucial for the Earth’s Climate, but the importance of the small-scale spatial variability of these surface fluxes is poorly understood. Here, we explore how small-scale heterogeneities of the surface conditions due in particular to ocean eddies affect the atmosphere–sea ice–ocean interactions off Adélie Land, in East Antarctica. To this end, we use a high-resolution regional atmosphere–sea ice–ocean coupled model based on the NEMO-LIM and MAR models. We explore how the atmosphere responds to small-scale heterogeneity of the ocean or sea ice surface conditions, how eddies affect the sea ice and atmosphere, and how the eddy-driven surface fluxes impact the heat, freshwater, and momentum budget of the ocean. The atmosphere is found to be more sensitive to small-scale surface temperature gradients above the ice-covered than above the ice-free ocean. Sea ice concentration is found to be weaker above anticyclonic than cyclonic eddies due to increased sea ice melting or freezing (0.8 cm/day) partly compensated by sea ice convergence or divergence. The imprint of ice-free eddies on the atmosphere is weak, but in the presence of sea ice, air warming (+ 0.3 ∘C) and wind intensification (+ 0.1 m/s) are found above anticyclonic eddies, while cyclonic eddies have the opposite effects. Removing the interactions of eddies with the sea ice or atmosphere does not affect the total sea ice volume, but increases the ocean kinetic energy by 8% and weakens northward advection of sea ice, leading to a 15% decrease in freshwater flux north of 62.5 ∘S and weaker ocean restratification.

KW - Atmosphere–sea ice–ocean interactions

KW - Mesoscale

KW - Regional Coupled Model

KW - Sea ice

KW - Southern Ocean

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/85123465393

U2 - 10.1007/s00382-021-06115-x

DO - 10.1007/s00382-021-06115-x

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85123465393

SN - 0930-7575

VL - 59

SP - 41

EP - 60

JO - Climate Dynamics

JF - Climate Dynamics

IS - 1-2

ER -

Effects of ocean mesoscale eddies on atmosphere–sea ice–ocean interactions off Adélie Land, East Antarctica

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