Emerging big data sources for studying migration

In this chapter, we provide an overview of migration measures based on traditional data sources and describe the use of emerging big data sources for migration and mobility indicators. We provide applications of big data analytics for migration measures, discussing ethical considerations of using big data in this domain. We focus on the advantages and disadvantages of specific data sources and provide example applications. Then, we speculate about what we can expect in terms of advancing artificial intelligence approaches and the efforts to regulate this difficult-to-check growth, but also in terms of increased automated surveillance in many spheres of society.