HALOGAS observations of NGC 4414: fountains, interaction, and ram pressure

W. J. G. de Blok; G. I. G. Jozsa; M. Patterson; Gianfranco Gentile; G. H. Heald; E. Juette; P. Kamphuis; R. J. Rand; P. Serra; R. A. M. Walterbos

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322517

HALOGAS observations of NGC 4414: fountains, interaction, and ram pressure

W. J. G. de Blok, G. I. G. Jozsa, M. Patterson, Gianfranco Gentile, G. H. Heald, E. Juette, P. Kamphuis, R. J. Rand, P. Serra, R. A. M. Walterbos

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21 Citations (Scopus)

Abstract

We present deep H i imaging of the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 4414, taken as part of the Westerbork HALOGAS (Hydrogen Accretion in LOcal GAlaxieS) survey. The observations show that NGC 4414 can be characterized by a regularly rotating inner H i disk, and a more disturbed outer disk. Modeling of the kinematics shows that the outer disk is best described by a U-shaped warp. Deep optical imaging also reveals the presence of a low surface brightness stellar shell, indicating a minor interaction with a dwarf galaxy at some stage in the past. Modeling of the inner disk suggests that about 4 percent of the inner H i is in the form of extra-planar gas. Because of the disturbed nature of the outer disk, this number is difficult to constrain for the galaxy as a whole. These new, deep observations of NGC 4414 presented here show that even apparently undisturbed galaxies are interacting with their environment.

Original language	English
Article number	A80
Number of pages	16
Journal	Astronomy & Astrophysics
Volume	566
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201322517
Publication status	Published - Jun 2014

Keywords

galaxies: halos
galaxies: ISM
galaxies: kinematics and dynamics
galaxies: individual: NGC 4414
galaxies: structure

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10.1051/0004-6361/201322517

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@article{2bfa4c9833e04f75816c072ca9dba013,

title = "HALOGAS observations of NGC 4414: fountains, interaction, and ram pressure",

abstract = "We present deep H i imaging of the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 4414, taken as part of the Westerbork HALOGAS (Hydrogen Accretion in LOcal GAlaxieS) survey. The observations show that NGC 4414 can be characterized by a regularly rotating inner H i disk, and a more disturbed outer disk. Modeling of the kinematics shows that the outer disk is best described by a U-shaped warp. Deep optical imaging also reveals the presence of a low surface brightness stellar shell, indicating a minor interaction with a dwarf galaxy at some stage in the past. Modeling of the inner disk suggests that about 4 percent of the inner H i is in the form of extra-planar gas. Because of the disturbed nature of the outer disk, this number is difficult to constrain for the galaxy as a whole. These new, deep observations of NGC 4414 presented here show that even apparently undisturbed galaxies are interacting with their environment.",

keywords = "galaxies: halos, galaxies: ISM, galaxies: kinematics and dynamics, galaxies: individual: NGC 4414, galaxies: structure",

author = "{de Blok}, {W. J. G.} and Jozsa, {G. I. G.} and M. Patterson and Gianfranco Gentile and Heald, {G. H.} and E. Juette and P. Kamphuis and Rand, {R. J.} and P. Serra and Walterbos, {R. A. M.}",

year = "2014",

month = jun,

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/201322517",

language = "English",

volume = "566",

journal = "Astronomy & Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "EDP Sciences",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - HALOGAS observations of NGC 4414: fountains, interaction, and ram pressure

AU - de Blok, W. J. G.

AU - Jozsa, G. I. G.

AU - Patterson, M.

AU - Gentile, Gianfranco

AU - Heald, G. H.

AU - Juette, E.

AU - Kamphuis, P.

AU - Rand, R. J.

AU - Serra, P.

AU - Walterbos, R. A. M.

PY - 2014/6

Y1 - 2014/6

N2 - We present deep H i imaging of the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 4414, taken as part of the Westerbork HALOGAS (Hydrogen Accretion in LOcal GAlaxieS) survey. The observations show that NGC 4414 can be characterized by a regularly rotating inner H i disk, and a more disturbed outer disk. Modeling of the kinematics shows that the outer disk is best described by a U-shaped warp. Deep optical imaging also reveals the presence of a low surface brightness stellar shell, indicating a minor interaction with a dwarf galaxy at some stage in the past. Modeling of the inner disk suggests that about 4 percent of the inner H i is in the form of extra-planar gas. Because of the disturbed nature of the outer disk, this number is difficult to constrain for the galaxy as a whole. These new, deep observations of NGC 4414 presented here show that even apparently undisturbed galaxies are interacting with their environment.

AB - We present deep H i imaging of the nearby spiral galaxy NGC 4414, taken as part of the Westerbork HALOGAS (Hydrogen Accretion in LOcal GAlaxieS) survey. The observations show that NGC 4414 can be characterized by a regularly rotating inner H i disk, and a more disturbed outer disk. Modeling of the kinematics shows that the outer disk is best described by a U-shaped warp. Deep optical imaging also reveals the presence of a low surface brightness stellar shell, indicating a minor interaction with a dwarf galaxy at some stage in the past. Modeling of the inner disk suggests that about 4 percent of the inner H i is in the form of extra-planar gas. Because of the disturbed nature of the outer disk, this number is difficult to constrain for the galaxy as a whole. These new, deep observations of NGC 4414 presented here show that even apparently undisturbed galaxies are interacting with their environment.

KW - galaxies: halos

KW - galaxies: ISM

KW - galaxies: kinematics and dynamics

KW - galaxies: individual: NGC 4414

KW - galaxies: structure

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/201322517

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/201322517

M3 - Article

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 566

JO - Astronomy & Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy & Astrophysics

M1 - A80

ER -

HALOGAS observations of NGC 4414: fountains, interaction, and ram pressure

Abstract

Keywords

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