Integrated multi-objective energy management of a long-haul plug-in hybrid electric coach

The current work proposes a multi-objective energy management strategy for long-distance electrified heavy-duty vehicles, which is generic in nature and could be easily transferred onto changing drivetrain configurations. Apart from efficient propulsion, onboard energy buffer sustenance and respecting component operating limits, the proposed EMS supports other important mission objectives such as effective usage of future plug-in charging opportunities, maximizing battery-electric operation in zero urban emission zones and pollution control through EATS temperature regulation. This is achieved using a-priori route information from previously developed eco-routing and eco-driving activities. The proposed EMS is well-integrated into a multi-level energy management framework which could be implemented in real-time through a hierarchical network of subsystem ECUs, a hybrid control unit and a cloud-based mission planner. Detailed simulation of an HD plug-in series hybrid electric coach from the LONGRUN EU project (GA no. 874972) has been used to analyze the effectiveness of this approach on VECTO coach and real-world Paris-Rouen driving mission, including a range of future plug-in charging opportunities and in-city zero emission zone lengths.