Integrating 'triple P' bottom line performance and the license to operate for ports: towards new partnerships between port cluster stakeholders

In this chapter, we particularly focus on establishing the strategic link between on the one hand objective TBL performance and on the other hand the subjective or perceived element of the license to operate (LTO) - sometimes also called social license to operate (SLO). By linking both dimensions into one framework, we will be able to identify four generic strategic positions of a port cluster towards local community stakeholders. We investigate both the practical implications of the implementation of the framework, as well as the conversion of the outcome in strategic recommendations.