Reconfigurar el nexo agua-alimentos-energía desde la justicia climática: una propuesta técnico-jurídica

Current governance of the water-food-energy nexus is largely shaped by technocratic approaches that prioritise efficiency in integrated resource management, while failing to adequately address historical inequalities, differentiated socio-environmental impacts, and the multiple forms of exclusion affecting vulnerable communities. This functionalist vision has contributed to the entrenchment of unequal power structures, reinforcing the commodification of common goods and limiting the effective recognition of fundamental human rights. This research aims to rethink the water-food-energy nexus from a climate justice perspective, proposing a normative framework that incorporates principles of equity, sustainability, participation, and reparation. The objective is to reconfigure the nexus as a legal space of guarantees, not merely of management, where access to water, energy, and food is protected as an interdependent right, rather than treated as a resource subject to market logic. To this end, the research employs legal theory, comparative legal analysis, and technical analysis of international and regional instruments on human rights and the environment, along with case studies focused on territories affected by extractive projects or imposed energy transition measures. The analysis also engages with literature on climate justice, the right to development, and peoples' sovereignty. Among the main expected results are the formulation of guiding principles for a rights-based and climate justice–oriented governance of the nexus, as well as the identification of normative gaps and concrete legal proposals to strengthen the role of legal systems in protecting communities from systemic vulnerabilities. Thus, this research seeks to influence both legal debates and public policy reform processes, integrating a transformative vision of the nexus.