Searches for Neutrinos from Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory Ultra-high-energy γ-Ray Sources Using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

IceCube Collaboration

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acb933

Searches for Neutrinos from Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory Ultra-high-energy γ-Ray Sources Using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

IceCube Collaboration

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Abstract

Galactic PeV cosmic-ray accelerators (PeVatrons) are Galactic sources theorized to accelerate cosmic rays up to PeV in energy. The accelerated cosmic rays are expected to interact hadronically with nearby ambient gas or the interstellar medium, resulting in γ-rays and neutrinos. Recently, the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) identified 12 γ-ray sources with emissions above 100 TeV, making them candidates for PeVatrons. While at these high energies the Klein-Nishina effect exponentially suppresses leptonic emission from Galactic sources, evidence for neutrino emission would unequivocally confirm hadronic acceleration. Here, we present the results of a search for neutrinos from these γ-ray sources and stacking searches testing for excess neutrino emission from all 12 sources as well as their subcatalogs of supernova remnants and pulsar wind nebulae with 11 yr of track events from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. No significant emissions were found. Based on the resulting limits, we place constraints on the fraction of γ-ray flux originating from the hadronic processes in the Crab Nebula and LHAASO J2226+6057.

Original language	English
Article number	L8
Number of pages	11
Journal	Astrophysical Journal Letters
Volume	945
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/acb933
Publication status	Published - 1 Mar 2023

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The IceCube collaboration acknowledges the significant contributions to this manuscript from Yu-Ling Chang, Kwok Lung Fan, and Michael Larson. We also acknowledge support from: USA\u2014U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, U.S. National Science Foundation-EPSCoR, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Coordination Ecosystem: Services & Support (ACCESS), Frontera computing project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center, U.S. Department of Energy-National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, and Astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University; Belgium\u2014Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany\u2014Bundesministerium f\u00FCr Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen; Sweden\u2014Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; European Union\u2014EGI Advanced Computing for research; Australia\u2014Australian Research Council; Canada\u2014Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Qu\u00E9bec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Compute Canada; Denmark\u2014Villum Fonden, Carlsberg Foundation, and European Commission; New Zealand\u2014Marsden Fund; Japan\u2014Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea\u2014National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Switzerland\u2014Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); United Kingdom\u2014Department of Physics, University of Oxford.

Funding Information:
The IceCube collaboration acknowledges the significant contributions to this manuscript from Yu-Ling Chang, Kwok Lung Fan, and Michael Larson. We also acknowledge support from: USA\u2014U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, U.S. National Science Foundation-EPSCoR, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Coordination Ecosystem: Services & Support (ACCESS), Frontera computing project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center, U.S. Department of Energy-National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, and Astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University; Belgium\u2014Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany\u2014Bundesministerium f\u00FCr Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen; Sweden\u2014Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; European Union\u2014EGI Advanced Computing for research; Australia\u2014Australian Research Council; Canada\u2014Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Qu\u00E9bec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Compute Canada; Denmark\u2014Villum Fonden, Carlsberg Foundation, and European Commission; New Zealand\u2014Marsden Fund; Japan\u2014Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea\u2014National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Switzerland\u2014Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); United Kingdom\u2014Department of Physics, University of Oxford.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Keywords

astro-ph.HE

Access to Document

10.3847/2041-8213/acb933Licence: CC BY

Abbasi_2023_ApJL_945_L8Final published version, 1.5 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

@article{2ae40eb9473c44959914c055bdde5b35,

title = "Searches for Neutrinos from Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory Ultra-high-energy γ-Ray Sources Using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory",

abstract = "Galactic PeV cosmic-ray accelerators (PeVatrons) are Galactic sources theorized to accelerate cosmic rays up to PeV in energy. The accelerated cosmic rays are expected to interact hadronically with nearby ambient gas or the interstellar medium, resulting in γ-rays and neutrinos. Recently, the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) identified 12 γ-ray sources with emissions above 100 TeV, making them candidates for PeVatrons. While at these high energies the Klein-Nishina effect exponentially suppresses leptonic emission from Galactic sources, evidence for neutrino emission would unequivocally confirm hadronic acceleration. Here, we present the results of a search for neutrinos from these γ-ray sources and stacking searches testing for excess neutrino emission from all 12 sources as well as their subcatalogs of supernova remnants and pulsar wind nebulae with 11 yr of track events from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. No significant emissions were found. Based on the resulting limits, we place constraints on the fraction of γ-ray flux originating from the hadronic processes in the Crab Nebula and LHAASO J2226+6057.",

keywords = "astro-ph.HE",

author = "{IceCube Collaboration} and Paul Coppin and {Correa Camiroaga}, Pablo and {De Clercq}, Catherine and {De Vries}, Krijn and Yarno Merckx and {Van Eijndhoven}, Nicolaas",

note = "Funding Information: The IceCube collaboration acknowledges the significant contributions to this manuscript from Yu-Ling Chang, Kwok Lung Fan, and Michael Larson. We also acknowledge support from: USA\u2014U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, U.S. National Science Foundation-EPSCoR, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Coordination Ecosystem: Services & Support (ACCESS), Frontera computing project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center, U.S. Department of Energy-National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, and Astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University; Belgium\u2014Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany\u2014Bundesministerium f\u00FCr Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen; Sweden\u2014Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; European Union\u2014EGI Advanced Computing for research; Australia\u2014Australian Research Council; Canada\u2014Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Qu\u00E9bec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Compute Canada; Denmark\u2014Villum Fonden, Carlsberg Foundation, and European Commission; New Zealand\u2014Marsden Fund; Japan\u2014Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea\u2014National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Switzerland\u2014Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); United Kingdom\u2014Department of Physics, University of Oxford. Funding Information: The IceCube collaboration acknowledges the significant contributions to this manuscript from Yu-Ling Chang, Kwok Lung Fan, and Michael Larson. We also acknowledge support from: USA\u2014U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, U.S. National Science Foundation-EPSCoR, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Coordination Ecosystem: Services & Support (ACCESS), Frontera computing project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center, U.S. Department of Energy-National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, and Astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University; Belgium\u2014Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany\u2014Bundesministerium f\u00FCr Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen; Sweden\u2014Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; European Union\u2014EGI Advanced Computing for research; Australia\u2014Australian Research Council; Canada\u2014Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Qu\u00E9bec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Compute Canada; Denmark\u2014Villum Fonden, Carlsberg Foundation, and European Commission; New Zealand\u2014Marsden Fund; Japan\u2014Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea\u2014National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Switzerland\u2014Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); United Kingdom\u2014Department of Physics, University of Oxford. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2023",

month = mar,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/2041-8213/acb933",

language = "English",

volume = "945",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal Letters",

issn = "2041-8205",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "1",

}

TY - JOUR

T1 - Searches for Neutrinos from Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory Ultra-high-energy γ-Ray Sources Using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

AU - IceCube Collaboration

AU - Coppin, Paul

AU - Correa Camiroaga, Pablo

AU - De Clercq, Catherine

AU - De Vries, Krijn

AU - Merckx, Yarno

AU - Van Eijndhoven, Nicolaas

N1 - Funding Information: The IceCube collaboration acknowledges the significant contributions to this manuscript from Yu-Ling Chang, Kwok Lung Fan, and Michael Larson. We also acknowledge support from: USA\u2014U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, U.S. National Science Foundation-EPSCoR, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Coordination Ecosystem: Services & Support (ACCESS), Frontera computing project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center, U.S. Department of Energy-National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, and Astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University; Belgium\u2014Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany\u2014Bundesministerium f\u00FCr Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen; Sweden\u2014Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; European Union\u2014EGI Advanced Computing for research; Australia\u2014Australian Research Council; Canada\u2014Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Qu\u00E9bec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Compute Canada; Denmark\u2014Villum Fonden, Carlsberg Foundation, and European Commission; New Zealand\u2014Marsden Fund; Japan\u2014Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea\u2014National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Switzerland\u2014Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); United Kingdom\u2014Department of Physics, University of Oxford. Funding Information: The IceCube collaboration acknowledges the significant contributions to this manuscript from Yu-Ling Chang, Kwok Lung Fan, and Michael Larson. We also acknowledge support from: USA\u2014U.S. National Science Foundation-Office of Polar Programs, U.S. National Science Foundation-Physics Division, U.S. National Science Foundation-EPSCoR, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Advanced Cyberinfrastructure Coordination Ecosystem: Services & Support (ACCESS), Frontera computing project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center, U.S. Department of Energy-National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, Particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, and Astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University; Belgium\u2014Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany\u2014Bundesministerium f\u00FCr Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen; Sweden\u2014Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; European Union\u2014EGI Advanced Computing for research; Australia\u2014Australian Research Council; Canada\u2014Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Qu\u00E9bec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Compute Canada; Denmark\u2014Villum Fonden, Carlsberg Foundation, and European Commission; New Zealand\u2014Marsden Fund; Japan\u2014Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea\u2014National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Switzerland\u2014Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); United Kingdom\u2014Department of Physics, University of Oxford. Publisher Copyright: © 2023. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

PY - 2023/3/1

Y1 - 2023/3/1

N2 - Galactic PeV cosmic-ray accelerators (PeVatrons) are Galactic sources theorized to accelerate cosmic rays up to PeV in energy. The accelerated cosmic rays are expected to interact hadronically with nearby ambient gas or the interstellar medium, resulting in γ-rays and neutrinos. Recently, the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) identified 12 γ-ray sources with emissions above 100 TeV, making them candidates for PeVatrons. While at these high energies the Klein-Nishina effect exponentially suppresses leptonic emission from Galactic sources, evidence for neutrino emission would unequivocally confirm hadronic acceleration. Here, we present the results of a search for neutrinos from these γ-ray sources and stacking searches testing for excess neutrino emission from all 12 sources as well as their subcatalogs of supernova remnants and pulsar wind nebulae with 11 yr of track events from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. No significant emissions were found. Based on the resulting limits, we place constraints on the fraction of γ-ray flux originating from the hadronic processes in the Crab Nebula and LHAASO J2226+6057.

AB - Galactic PeV cosmic-ray accelerators (PeVatrons) are Galactic sources theorized to accelerate cosmic rays up to PeV in energy. The accelerated cosmic rays are expected to interact hadronically with nearby ambient gas or the interstellar medium, resulting in γ-rays and neutrinos. Recently, the Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory (LHAASO) identified 12 γ-ray sources with emissions above 100 TeV, making them candidates for PeVatrons. While at these high energies the Klein-Nishina effect exponentially suppresses leptonic emission from Galactic sources, evidence for neutrino emission would unequivocally confirm hadronic acceleration. Here, we present the results of a search for neutrinos from these γ-ray sources and stacking searches testing for excess neutrino emission from all 12 sources as well as their subcatalogs of supernova remnants and pulsar wind nebulae with 11 yr of track events from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. No significant emissions were found. Based on the resulting limits, we place constraints on the fraction of γ-ray flux originating from the hadronic processes in the Crab Nebula and LHAASO J2226+6057.

KW - astro-ph.HE

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85149693916&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/2041-8213/acb933

DO - 10.3847/2041-8213/acb933

M3 - Article

VL - 945

JO - Astrophysical Journal Letters

JF - Astrophysical Journal Letters

SN - 2041-8205

IS - 1

M1 - L8

ER -

Searches for Neutrinos from Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory Ultra-high-energy γ-Ray Sources Using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

FWOIRI11: Exploring the Extreme Universe with the (Extended) IceCube Neutrino and Cosmic Ray Observatory at the South Pole

SRP72: SRP-Onderzoekszwaartepunt: High-energy physics (HEP@VUB).

FWOTM1076: IceCube Search for High-Energy Neutrinos from Obscured Sources in the Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey (GOALS)

Cite this

Searches for Neutrinos from Large High Altitude Air Shower Observatory Ultra-high-energy γ-Ray Sources Using the IceCube Neutrino Observatory

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Projects

FWOIRI11: Exploring the Extreme Universe with the (Extended) IceCube Neutrino and Cosmic Ray Observatory at the South Pole

SRP72: SRP-Onderzoekszwaartepunt: High-energy physics (HEP@VUB).

FWOTM1076: IceCube Search for High-Energy Neutrinos from Obscured Sources in the Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey (GOALS)

Cite this