Searching for High-Energy Neutrino Emission from Galaxy Clusters with IceCube

IceCube Collaboration

doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac966b

Searching for High-Energy Neutrino Emission from Galaxy Clusters with IceCube

IceCube Collaboration

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Galaxy clusters have the potential to accelerate cosmic rays (CRs) to ultrahigh energies via accretion shocks or embedded CR acceleration sites. The CRs with energies below the Hillas condition will be confined within the cluster and eventually interact with the intracluster medium gas to produce secondary neutrinos and gamma rays. Using 9.5 yr of muon neutrino track events from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, we report the results of a stacking analysis of 1094 galaxy clusters with masses ≳10 ¹⁴ M _e and redshifts between 0.01 and ∼1 detected by the Planck mission via the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect. We find no evidence for significant neutrino emission and report upper limits on the cumulative unresolved neutrino flux from massive galaxy clusters after accounting for the completeness of the catalog up to a redshift of 2, assuming three different weighting scenarios for the stacking and three different power-law spectra. Weighting the sources according to mass and distance, we set upper limits at a 90% confidence level that constrain the flux of neutrinos from massive galaxy clusters (≳10 ¹⁴ M _e) to be no more than 4.6% of the diffuse IceCube observations at 100 TeV, assuming an unbroken E ^−2.5 power-law spectrum.

Original language	English
Article number	L11
Number of pages	10
Journal	Astrophysical Journal Letters
Volume	938
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ac966b
Publication status	Published - 14 Oct 2022

Bibliographical note

Funding Information:
The IceCube Collaboration acknowledges the significant contributions made to this manuscript by Mehr Un Nisa, Andrew Ludwig, and Srinivasan Raghunathan. We also acknowledge support from: USA - US National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs, US National Science Foundation Physics Division, US National Science Foundation EPSCoR, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), the Frontera computing project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center, US Department of Energy National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, the particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, and the astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University; Belgium - Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany - Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen; Sweden - Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Australia - Australian Research Council; Canada - Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Québec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Compute Canada; Denmark - Villum Fonden and Carlsberg Foundation; New Zealand - Marsden Fund; Japan - Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea - National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Switzerland - Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); United Kingdom - Department of Physics, University of Oxford.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.

Copyright:
Copyright 2022 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

Keywords

astro-ph.HE
astro-ph.CO

Access to Document

10.3847/2041-8213/ac966bLicence: CC BY

Abbasi_2022_ApJL_938_L11Final published version, 1.08 MBLicence: CC BY

Cite this

@article{ee71def6898f4be2bc988ebcb5a6b110,

title = "Searching for High-Energy Neutrino Emission from Galaxy Clusters with IceCube",

abstract = "Galaxy clusters have the potential to accelerate cosmic rays (CRs) to ultrahigh energies via accretion shocks or embedded CR acceleration sites. The CRs with energies below the Hillas condition will be confined within the cluster and eventually interact with the intracluster medium gas to produce secondary neutrinos and gamma rays. Using 9.5 yr of muon neutrino track events from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, we report the results of a stacking analysis of 1094 galaxy clusters with masses ≳10 14 M e and redshifts between 0.01 and ∼1 detected by the Planck mission via the Sunyaev–Zel{\textquoteright}dovich effect. We find no evidence for significant neutrino emission and report upper limits on the cumulative unresolved neutrino flux from massive galaxy clusters after accounting for the completeness of the catalog up to a redshift of 2, assuming three different weighting scenarios for the stacking and three different power-law spectra. Weighting the sources according to mass and distance, we set upper limits at a 90% confidence level that constrain the flux of neutrinos from massive galaxy clusters (≳10 14 M e) to be no more than 4.6% of the diffuse IceCube observations at 100 TeV, assuming an unbroken E −2.5 power-law spectrum. ",

keywords = "astro-ph.HE, astro-ph.CO",

author = "{IceCube Collaboration} and Paul Coppin and {Correa Camiroaga}, Pablo and {De Clercq}, Catherine and {De Vries}, Krijn and Yarno Merckx and {Van Eijndhoven}, Nicolaas",

note = "Funding Information: The IceCube Collaboration acknowledges the significant contributions made to this manuscript by Mehr Un Nisa, Andrew Ludwig, and Srinivasan Raghunathan. We also acknowledge support from: USA - US National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs, US National Science Foundation Physics Division, US National Science Foundation EPSCoR, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), the Frontera computing project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center, US Department of Energy National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, the particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, and the astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University; Belgium - Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany - Bundesministerium f{\"u}r Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen; Sweden - Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Australia - Australian Research Council; Canada - Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Qu{\'e}bec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Compute Canada; Denmark - Villum Fonden and Carlsberg Foundation; New Zealand - Marsden Fund; Japan - Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea - National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Switzerland - Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); United Kingdom - Department of Physics, University of Oxford. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Copyright: Copyright 2022 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

year = "2022",

month = oct,

day = "14",

doi = "10.3847/2041-8213/ac966b",

language = "English",

volume = "938",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal Letters",

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AU - IceCube Collaboration

AU - Coppin, Paul

AU - Correa Camiroaga, Pablo

AU - De Clercq, Catherine

AU - De Vries, Krijn

AU - Merckx, Yarno

AU - Van Eijndhoven, Nicolaas

N1 - Funding Information: The IceCube Collaboration acknowledges the significant contributions made to this manuscript by Mehr Un Nisa, Andrew Ludwig, and Srinivasan Raghunathan. We also acknowledge support from: USA - US National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs, US National Science Foundation Physics Division, US National Science Foundation EPSCoR, Wisconsin Alumni Research Foundation, Center for High Throughput Computing (CHTC) at the University of Wisconsin–Madison, Open Science Grid (OSG), Extreme Science and Engineering Discovery Environment (XSEDE), the Frontera computing project at the Texas Advanced Computing Center, US Department of Energy National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, the particle astrophysics research computing center at the University of Maryland, Institute for Cyber-Enabled Research at Michigan State University, and the astroparticle physics computational facility at Marquette University; Belgium - Funds for Scientific Research (FRS-FNRS and FWO), FWO Odysseus and Big Science programmes, and Belgian Federal Science Policy Office (Belspo); Germany - Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), Helmholtz Alliance for Astroparticle Physics (HAP), Initiative and Networking Fund of the Helmholtz Association, Deutsches Elektronen Synchrotron (DESY), and High Performance Computing cluster of the RWTH Aachen; Sweden - Swedish Research Council, Swedish Polar Research Secretariat, Swedish National Infrastructure for Computing (SNIC), and Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Australia - Australian Research Council; Canada - Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada, Calcul Québec, Compute Ontario, Canada Foundation for Innovation, WestGrid, and Compute Canada; Denmark - Villum Fonden and Carlsberg Foundation; New Zealand - Marsden Fund; Japan - Japan Society for Promotion of Science (JSPS) and Institute for Global Prominent Research (IGPR) of Chiba University; Korea - National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF); Switzerland - Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF); United Kingdom - Department of Physics, University of Oxford. Publisher Copyright: © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society. Copyright: Copyright 2022 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2022/10/14

Y1 - 2022/10/14

N2 - Galaxy clusters have the potential to accelerate cosmic rays (CRs) to ultrahigh energies via accretion shocks or embedded CR acceleration sites. The CRs with energies below the Hillas condition will be confined within the cluster and eventually interact with the intracluster medium gas to produce secondary neutrinos and gamma rays. Using 9.5 yr of muon neutrino track events from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, we report the results of a stacking analysis of 1094 galaxy clusters with masses ≳10 14 M e and redshifts between 0.01 and ∼1 detected by the Planck mission via the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect. We find no evidence for significant neutrino emission and report upper limits on the cumulative unresolved neutrino flux from massive galaxy clusters after accounting for the completeness of the catalog up to a redshift of 2, assuming three different weighting scenarios for the stacking and three different power-law spectra. Weighting the sources according to mass and distance, we set upper limits at a 90% confidence level that constrain the flux of neutrinos from massive galaxy clusters (≳10 14 M e) to be no more than 4.6% of the diffuse IceCube observations at 100 TeV, assuming an unbroken E −2.5 power-law spectrum.

AB - Galaxy clusters have the potential to accelerate cosmic rays (CRs) to ultrahigh energies via accretion shocks or embedded CR acceleration sites. The CRs with energies below the Hillas condition will be confined within the cluster and eventually interact with the intracluster medium gas to produce secondary neutrinos and gamma rays. Using 9.5 yr of muon neutrino track events from the IceCube Neutrino Observatory, we report the results of a stacking analysis of 1094 galaxy clusters with masses ≳10 14 M e and redshifts between 0.01 and ∼1 detected by the Planck mission via the Sunyaev–Zel’dovich effect. We find no evidence for significant neutrino emission and report upper limits on the cumulative unresolved neutrino flux from massive galaxy clusters after accounting for the completeness of the catalog up to a redshift of 2, assuming three different weighting scenarios for the stacking and three different power-law spectra. Weighting the sources according to mass and distance, we set upper limits at a 90% confidence level that constrain the flux of neutrinos from massive galaxy clusters (≳10 14 M e) to be no more than 4.6% of the diffuse IceCube observations at 100 TeV, assuming an unbroken E −2.5 power-law spectrum.

KW - astro-ph.HE

KW - astro-ph.CO

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U2 - 10.3847/2041-8213/ac966b

DO - 10.3847/2041-8213/ac966b

M3 - Article

VL - 938

JO - Astrophysical Journal Letters

JF - Astrophysical Journal Letters

SN - 2041-8205

IS - 2

M1 - L11

ER -

Searching for High-Energy Neutrino Emission from Galaxy Clusters with IceCube

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

FWOIRI11: Exploring the Extreme Universe with the (Extended) IceCube Neutrino and Cosmic Ray Observatory at the South Pole

SRP72: SRP-Onderzoekszwaartepunt: High-energy physics (HEP@VUB).

FWOTM1076: IceCube Search for High-Energy Neutrinos from Obscured Sources in the Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey (GOALS)

Cite this

Searching for High-Energy Neutrino Emission from Galaxy Clusters with IceCube

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

Access to Document

Other files and links

Fingerprint

Projects

FWOIRI11: Exploring the Extreme Universe with the (Extended) IceCube Neutrino and Cosmic Ray Observatory at the South Pole

SRP72: SRP-Onderzoekszwaartepunt: High-energy physics (HEP@VUB).

FWOTM1076: IceCube Search for High-Energy Neutrinos from Obscured Sources in the Great Observatories All-Sky LIRG Survey (GOALS)

Cite this