TY - JOUR
T1 - Symptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reinfection in a lupus patient treated with hydroxychloroquine
T2 - a case report
AU - Muyldermans, Astrid
AU - Maes, Piet
AU - Wawina-Bokalanga, Tony
AU - Anthierens, Tine
AU - Goldberg, Olivier
AU - Bartiaux, Magali
AU - Soetens, Oriane
AU - Wybo, Ingrid
AU - Van den Wijngaert, Sigi
AU - Piérard, Denis
N1 - © 2021. The Author(s).
PY - 2021/11/26
Y1 - 2021/11/26
N2 - BACKGROUND: Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine have been used for hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 patients because of their antiviral and anti-inflammatory function. However, little research has been published on the impact of the immunomodulatory effect of (hydroxy)chloroquine on humoral immunity.CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of symptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reinfection, diagnosed 141 days after the first episode, in a 56-year-old man of Black African origin treated with hydroxychloroquine for lupus erythematosus. No anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 IgG antibodies could be detected 127 days after the initial episode of coronavirus disease 2019.CONCLUSIONS: The treatment with hydroxychloroquine probably explains the decreased immune response with negative serology and subsequent reinfection in our patient. As humoral immunity is crucial to fight a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, the use of (hydroxy)chloroquine is likely to have a detrimental effect on the spread of the virus. This case emphasizes that more needs to be learned about the role of antibodies in protecting against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (re)infection and the role of (hydroxy)chloroquine on humoral immunity.
AB - BACKGROUND: Hydroxychloroquine and chloroquine have been used for hospitalized coronavirus disease 2019 patients because of their antiviral and anti-inflammatory function. However, little research has been published on the impact of the immunomodulatory effect of (hydroxy)chloroquine on humoral immunity.CASE PRESENTATION: We report a case of symptomatic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 reinfection, diagnosed 141 days after the first episode, in a 56-year-old man of Black African origin treated with hydroxychloroquine for lupus erythematosus. No anti-severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 IgG antibodies could be detected 127 days after the initial episode of coronavirus disease 2019.CONCLUSIONS: The treatment with hydroxychloroquine probably explains the decreased immune response with negative serology and subsequent reinfection in our patient. As humoral immunity is crucial to fight a severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection, the use of (hydroxy)chloroquine is likely to have a detrimental effect on the spread of the virus. This case emphasizes that more needs to be learned about the role of antibodies in protecting against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (re)infection and the role of (hydroxy)chloroquine on humoral immunity.
KW - Antiviral Agents/therapeutic use
KW - COVID-19/drug therapy
KW - Humans
KW - Hydroxychloroquine/therapeutic use
KW - Middle Aged
KW - Reinfection
KW - SARS-CoV-2
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85120003851&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1186/s13256-021-03159-9
DO - 10.1186/s13256-021-03159-9
M3 - Article
C2 - 34836543
VL - 15
JO - Journal of Medical Case Reports
JF - Journal of Medical Case Reports
SN - 1752-1947
IS - 1
M1 - 572
ER -