Abstract
Background: Group B Streptococcus (GBS) is a bacterium present in the normal flora of many healthy women but can cause severe infections in pregnant women and newborns. While preventive guidelines have been established, GBS remains a leading cause of neonatal sepsis. This study aims to evaluate adherence to Belgian guidelines for GBS screening and chemoprophylaxis at UZ Brussels.Methods: A retrospective observational study was conducted on 1154 pregnancies resulting in 1186 live births at UZ Brussels from January 1st to June 30th, 2023. Data on maternal demographics, GBS screening, prophylaxis, and neonatal outcomes were collected from medical records.
Results: GBS screening was correctly performed in 96.1% of indicated cases, with the remaining instances involving elective caesarean sections or preterm deliveries. One-third of GBS-positive cases had no or incomplete prophylaxis. Comparing characteristics between failed prophylaxis and successful prophylaxis revealed a large difference in the duration of rupture of membranes, which was significantly shorter in cases of prophylaxis failure.
Conclusion: Despite high screening rates, adherence to chemoprophylaxis guidelines for GBS-positive mothers at UZ Brussels is suboptimal. Strategies to improve prophylaxis administration, such as initiating treatment upon admission rather than after rupture of membranes, may enhance adherence and reduce the risk of neonatal sepsis. Further research on alternative preventive measures, such as probiotics, are warranted to address challenges in GBS management during pregnancy.
| Date of Award | 2025 |
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| Original language | English |