Schools and developers are increasingly held accountable for responsible AI (Dignum, 2021). This foremost means incorporating ethical, legal, and social aspects (Fisher et al, 2006), but also addressing structural challenges such as platformisation (Poell, Nieborg, and Dijck, 2019) and the growing dominance of (big)tech, impacting the precarious balance between private and public interests (Sharon & Gellert, 2023; Kerssens & Van Dijck, 2021). However, schools and developers lack the capabilities to fully evaluate and anticipate their responsibilities.
We explore how guidance ethics (Peter-Paul Verbeek, 2005, 2006, 2011; Verbeek & Tijink, 2019) contributes to a critical analysis of responsible AI. We present findings from the research project ‘Smart Signal’, a collaboration between Smartschool, schools, their stakeholders, and the government.