TY - JOUR
T1 - A Fully-Bioresorbable Nanostructured Molybdenum Oxide-Based Electrode for Continuous Multi-Analyte Electrochemical Sensing
AU - Fernandes, Catarina
AU - Franceschini, Filippo
AU - Smets, Jorid
AU - Deschaume, Olivier
AU - Rusli, Nurul
AU - Bartic, Carmen
AU - Ameloot, Rob
AU - Baert, Kitty
AU - Ustarroz, Jon
AU - Taurino, Irene
N1 - Funding Information:
F.C., F.F., and S.J. acknowledge the support of the Research Foundation Flanders (FWO) for fellowships 1S58823N, 1S61723N, and 11H8121N, respectively.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 The Authors. Advanced Materials Interfaces published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Bioresorbable electrochemical sensors remain mostly unexplored despite their ability to provide continuous in situ measurements of critical biomarkers. The primary challenge arises from the direct exposure of the electrodes’ thin metal films to biofluids, which poses difficulties in ensuring both proper operational lifetimes and sensing performance. Molybdenum (Mo) presents itself as a promising biometal due to its uniquely gradual dissolution in biofluids, facilitated by the formation of a slower-dissolving MoOx surface layer. Consequently, carefully engineered MoOx films can endow transient electrochemical sensors with unparalleled stability during extended operational lifetimes. Herein an unprecedented sensor architecture achieved via the unique pairing of sputtered Mo and MoOx thin films, probed as a pH and dissolved oxygen sensor is reported. Compared to a bare Mo electrode, a bilayer Mo+MoOx electrode subjected to post-deposition annealing (400 °C, 60 min, N2 environment) displayed a largely improved stability (>24 h) in solution and demonstrated predictable functionality during ongoing film dissolution at 37 °C. Collectively, this work establishes a pioneering strategy for the fabrication of reliable and clinically relevant implantable electrochemical sensors.
AB - Bioresorbable electrochemical sensors remain mostly unexplored despite their ability to provide continuous in situ measurements of critical biomarkers. The primary challenge arises from the direct exposure of the electrodes’ thin metal films to biofluids, which poses difficulties in ensuring both proper operational lifetimes and sensing performance. Molybdenum (Mo) presents itself as a promising biometal due to its uniquely gradual dissolution in biofluids, facilitated by the formation of a slower-dissolving MoOx surface layer. Consequently, carefully engineered MoOx films can endow transient electrochemical sensors with unparalleled stability during extended operational lifetimes. Herein an unprecedented sensor architecture achieved via the unique pairing of sputtered Mo and MoOx thin films, probed as a pH and dissolved oxygen sensor is reported. Compared to a bare Mo electrode, a bilayer Mo+MoOx electrode subjected to post-deposition annealing (400 °C, 60 min, N2 environment) displayed a largely improved stability (>24 h) in solution and demonstrated predictable functionality during ongoing film dissolution at 37 °C. Collectively, this work establishes a pioneering strategy for the fabrication of reliable and clinically relevant implantable electrochemical sensors.
KW - bioresorbable electronics
KW - electrochemical sensing
KW - health monitoring
KW - molybdenum oxide
KW - reactive sputtering
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85196422111&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1002/admi.202400054
DO - 10.1002/admi.202400054
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85196422111
VL - 11
JO - Advanced Materials Interfaces
JF - Advanced Materials Interfaces
SN - 2196-7350
IS - 23
M1 - 2400054
ER -