A Multi-Objective Co-Design Optimization Framework for Microgrid Architecture in Marine Application

Multi-objective optimization of the battery energy storage system (BESS) microgrid architecture in the marine sector is crucial, considering the immense power demand and multiple possible electrical/electronic topologies. As a result, various steps are often taken to simplify the design problem, limit the size of the design space, and make separate optimizations in different components and converters. However, the first step is to properly size and design the microgrid architecture. This paper proposes a multi-objective co-design optimization framework for the optimal selection of the microgrid and power electronic (PE) architecture in a vessel's BESS. For this purpose, a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm (NSGA-II) optimization, in addition to the Pareto Search, is used to generate all the possible solutions and then illustrate the optimal points, which enables a trade-off between the total initial cost of PEs and total converter losses as objectives. The cost function that leads to the optimum architecture selection considers capital cost and efficiency objectives. The interoperable framework is applied considering four different DC/AC architectures. Finally, from the objective perspective, the globally best architecture is determined as the framework's output.