Artificial Intelligence Human Rights Impact Assessment

The chapter presents a proposal for a Human Rights Impact Assessment in the context of Artificial Intelligence (HRIA-AI). Such proposal builds from the Data Protection Impact Assessment (DPIA) approach sanctioned in the European General Data Protection Regulation. The chapter identifies how this DPIA already amounts to a human rights impact assessment under certain circumstances. However, some of its aspects limit the use of DPIA as a HRIA-AI, primarily the link with personal data, which prevents DPIA to be required when no personal data processing occurs. The chapter acknowledges how certain uses of artificial intelligence might impact human rights even in the absence of personal data processing. Therefore, a new approach to assessing such impacts is proposed.