TY - GEN
T1 - Complementing UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy with portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (p-XRF) for 16th-century window-glass studies
AU - Patin, Mathilde
AU - Nys, Karin
AU - Thienpont, Hugo
AU - Meulebroeck, Wendy
N1 - Funding Information:
The research leading to the described results was funded by the Belgian Science Policy Office (BELSPO) supported through contract no. BR/175/A3/FENESTRA, and the Vrije Universiteit Brussel\u2019s Methusalem Foundations\u2019 project promoted by Prof. Dr. Ir. Hugo Thienpont (OZRMETH4 - International Photonics Access and Research Center (iPARC@VUB)). The authors express their gratitude to the Vrije Universiteit Brussel for supporting this research. We are thankful to Em. Prof. Dr. Joost Caen (University of Antwerp), Dr. Peter Cosyns, Kenneth Leap, the Art & History Museum (Brussels), and the MAS- Vleeshuis museum (Antwerp) for providing access to the material. We wish to thank the curator of the flat glass collection of the Art & History Museum (Brussels), Dr. Val\u00E9rie Montens, the head of the research of the MAS museum, Dr. Leen Beyers, the curator of the MAS | Collection Vleeshuis, Vera De Boeck, and the former curator of the MAS | Collection Vleeshuis, Annemie De Vos. We are also very grateful to Adeline Vanryckel and Alain Carton at the Art & History Museum (Brussels), and to Eva Meesdom, Morgane Pieters, Esther Humbeeck, and Christel Versmissen at the MAS (Antwerp) for hosting us the during the in-situ campaigns in the museums\u2019 warehouses. We thank Em. Prof. Dr. Joost Caen (University of Antwerp) and Dr. Isabelle Lecocq (Belgian Royal Institute for Cultural Heritage KIK-IRPA) for their insights into the dating and origin from the historical objects. In addition, we would like to thank Prof. Dr. Ian Freestone (University College London), Dr. Alicia Van Ham-Meert (Katholieke Universiteit Leuven), Dr. Line Van Wersch (University of Li\u00E8ge), Prof. Dr. Geert Van der Snickt and Stijn Legrand (University of Antwerp) for helping us to find the best way to calibrate our p-XRF data, and for giving us access to their glass reference standards. A special thanks goes to Dr. Laura Adlington (University College London) who largely inspired this work. We want to thank her for this fruitful collaboration, for her availability and answers about the p-XRF calibration and 3D-printed attachment, leading us to pursue her effort in optimising existing instrumentation to obtain data comparable with the literature for glass matrix analysis. For the training and access to the p-XRF instrumentation at the VUB, we thank Philippe Claeys and his team, especially Cristina Makarona, Matthias Sinnesael, Pim Kaskes, Niels de Winter, Lawrence Percival and Tom Boonants. We thank Kurt Rochlitz for the design of the p-XRF 3D-printed attachment. Finally, we are grateful to Dr. Ir. Bernard Gratuze for performing the LA-ICP-MS analysis IRAMAT Centre Ernest Babelon in Orl\u00E9ans (UMR5060, CNRS-Univ. Orl\u00E9ans, France) and for giving some insights on the interpretations of the chemical results. We also want to express our gratitude to Dr. Helena Wouters (Belgian Royal Institute for Cultural Heritage KIK-IRPA) for helping us with the LA-ICP-MS sample preparation.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2024 SPIE.
PY - 2024
Y1 - 2024
N2 - Scientific analysis of historic glass objects is needed to enhance our understanding of glass evolutions regarding sourcing and production technology and to distinguish fake from authentic. Furthermore, glass researchers often face the challenge of performing non-destructive analytical methods on site, using portable devices. A recent focus of our research concerned the identification of optical signatures to distinguish various post-medieval glass families. UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy has proven to be extremely useful as a non-destructive technique for discerning two subgroups of Ca-rich glass (High Lime-Low Alkali or HLLA glass). However, the period of production of Ca-rich glass coincides with other glass composition groups, a pre-requisite is to first exclude non-HLLA materials. To accomplish this, we developed a methodology utilising portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (p-XRF). Despite p-XRF's limited detection capabilities for elements with low atomic numbers, we successfully demonstrated its usefulness as a screening technique for distinguishing different glass types, including Roman Na-rich glass, Industrial Na-rich, K-rich glass and Ca-rich glass. The main rationale behind clustering historic glasses into different chemical groups, is to use heavy elements as proxies for lighter ones. After designing an instrument-specific 3D-printed attachment, we calibrated the recorded p-XRF data against multiple glass standards. Subsequently, we verified the reliability of the empirical calibration for relevant glass major and trace elements by testing it on a sample set whose composition was determined using Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Mass Spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS). The defined workflow showed a strong correlation between the corrected p- XRF and the LA-ICP- MS data for the most important light elements (K, Ca, Mn, and Fe), and the heavier glass trace elements (Rb, Sr, and Zr) with R-2 values exceeding 0.95. Finally, we defined a flowchart based on the calibrated elements to identify the glass composition groups.
AB - Scientific analysis of historic glass objects is needed to enhance our understanding of glass evolutions regarding sourcing and production technology and to distinguish fake from authentic. Furthermore, glass researchers often face the challenge of performing non-destructive analytical methods on site, using portable devices. A recent focus of our research concerned the identification of optical signatures to distinguish various post-medieval glass families. UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy has proven to be extremely useful as a non-destructive technique for discerning two subgroups of Ca-rich glass (High Lime-Low Alkali or HLLA glass). However, the period of production of Ca-rich glass coincides with other glass composition groups, a pre-requisite is to first exclude non-HLLA materials. To accomplish this, we developed a methodology utilising portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (p-XRF). Despite p-XRF's limited detection capabilities for elements with low atomic numbers, we successfully demonstrated its usefulness as a screening technique for distinguishing different glass types, including Roman Na-rich glass, Industrial Na-rich, K-rich glass and Ca-rich glass. The main rationale behind clustering historic glasses into different chemical groups, is to use heavy elements as proxies for lighter ones. After designing an instrument-specific 3D-printed attachment, we calibrated the recorded p-XRF data against multiple glass standards. Subsequently, we verified the reliability of the empirical calibration for relevant glass major and trace elements by testing it on a sample set whose composition was determined using Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Mass Spectroscopy (LA-ICP-MS). The defined workflow showed a strong correlation between the corrected p- XRF and the LA-ICP- MS data for the most important light elements (K, Ca, Mn, and Fe), and the heavier glass trace elements (Rb, Sr, and Zr) with R-2 values exceeding 0.95. Finally, we defined a flowchart based on the calibrated elements to identify the glass composition groups.
KW - STAINED-GLASS
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85200273472&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1117/12.3016603
DO - 10.1117/12.3016603
M3 - Conference paper
VL - 12999
T3 - Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering
SP - 1
EP - 33
BT - Complementing UV-Vis-NIR absorption spectroscopy with portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (p-XRF) for 16th-century window-glass studies
A2 - Berghmans, Francis
A2 - Zergioti, Ioanna
PB - SPIE
T2 - Conference on Optical Sensing and Detection VIII
Y2 - 7 April 2024 through 11 April 2024
ER -