Examining the Unfolding of Disciplinary Proceedings from Various Perspectives within the Context of Belgian and European Law

The exploration of disciplinary law and proceedings reveals a complex nature, marked by uncertainties related to the application of essential guarantees and challenges, such as the right to remain silent and the non bis in idem principle. The evolving case law in Belgium on petitioner conduct during administrative appeals, which extends beyond disciplinary cases, raises fur-ther questions about the feasibility of restricting court access based on a party’s behavior. The Whistleblower Protection Directive signifies progress in establishing common standards across European Union (EU) countries, offering broad protection to various individuals vulnerable to work-related retaliation. While the directive lacks specific guidance on penalties, the implementation of effective, proportionate, and dissuasive penalties remains essential.