Past, present, and future of the Cuban energy sector: between challenges and perspectives

The energy sector in Cuba has faced a changing reality throughout history. Although milestones have occurred in each of the stages of the Cuban energy sector, even on a global scale. Despite that access to energy has not been a common factor in each stage of Cuban history. Since 1959, new elements have characterised a sector that has not escaped the dynamics of the global energy market. The growing energy demand, that has characterised the evolution of humanity, is a phenomenon that has also marked Cuban society. This has prompted the development and implementation of new alternatives to overcome the effects of an economic and financial siege on the reality of a small Caribbean State. The general objective of this research is to characterise the historical, present, and future projections of the energy sector in Cuba to determine the challenges it faces.