SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination is not associated with the induction of anti-HLA or non-HLA antibodies

Veerle P W M Wijtvliet; Sonja Verheyden; Barbara Depreter; Christine Heylen; Elke Coeman; Steven Abrams; Benedicte Y De Winter; Annick Massart; Rachel Hellemans; Lissa Pipeleers; Frans H J Claas; Kevin K Ariën; Karl Martin Wissing; Daniel Abramowicz; Kristien J Ledeganck

doi:10.1016/j.trim.2022.101670

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination is not associated with the induction of anti-HLA or non-HLA antibodies

Veerle P W M Wijtvliet, Sonja Verheyden, Barbara Depreter, Christine Heylen, Elke Coeman, Steven Abrams, Benedicte Y De Winter, Annick Massart, Rachel Hellemans, Lissa Pipeleers, Frans H J Claas, Kevin K Ariën, Karl Martin Wissing, Daniel Abramowicz, Kristien J Ledeganck

Onderzoeksoutput: Article › peer review

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Samenvatting

BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is strongly recommended in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) and dialysis patients. Whether these vaccinations may trigger alloantibodies, is still debated.

METHODS: In the current study we evaluated the effect of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines on anti-Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) and 60 anti-non-HLA antibody profiles in clinically stable KTR and dialysis patients. In total, we included 28 KTR, 30 patients on haemodialysis, 25 patients on peritoneal dialysis and 31 controls with a positive seroresponse 16-21 days after the first dose of either the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccine. Both anti-HLA and anti-non-HLA antibodies were determined prior to vaccination and 21 to 35 days after the second vaccine dose.

RESULTS: Overall, the proportion of patients with detectable anti-HLA antibodies was similar before and after vaccination (class I 14% vs. 16%, p = 0.48; class II 25% before and after vaccination). After vaccination, there was no pattern in 1) additionally detected anti-HLA antibodies, or 2) the levels of pre-existing ones. Additional anti-non-HLA antibodies were detected in 30% of the patients, ranging from 1 to 5 new anti-non-HLA antibodies per patient. However, the clinical significance of anti-non-HLA antibodies is still a matter of debate. To date, only a significant association has been found for anti-non-HLA ARHGDIB antibodies and long-term kidney graft loss. No additionally developed anti-ARHGDIB antibodies or elevated level of existing anti-ARHGDIB antibodies was observed.

CONCLUSION: The current data indicate that SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination does not induce anti-HLA or anti-non-HLA antibodies, corroborating the importance of vaccinating KTR and dialysis patients.

Originele taal-2	English
Artikelnummer	101670
Tijdschrift	Transplant Immunology
Volume	74
Vroegere onlinedatum	11 jul 2022
DOI's	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trim.2022.101670
Status	Published - okt 2022

Bibliografische nota

Funding Information:
The authors would like to thank the study nurses E. Meersman, S. Verhofstede, N. Marmitte and T. Bogaerts for their excellent and efficient help. We also thank E. Snelders and J. Michiels for their logistical support, the lab technicians of the Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and L. Heyndrickx of the Institute of Tropical Medicine for the sample processing and P. Moons from Biobank Antwerp for his technical support. Special thanks to all the kidney transplant recipients, dialysis patients and control patients who made this study possible.

Publisher Copyright:
© 2022

Copyright:
Copyright 2023 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

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Wijtvliet, V. P. W. M., Verheyden, S., Depreter, B., Heylen, C., Coeman, E., Abrams, S., De Winter, B. Y., Massart, A., Hellemans, R., Pipeleers, L., Claas, F. H. J., Ariën, K. K., Wissing, K. M., Abramowicz, D., & Ledeganck, K. J. (2022). SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination is not associated with the induction of anti-HLA or non-HLA antibodies. Transplant Immunology, 74, [101670]. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trim.2022.101670

Wijtvliet, Veerle P W M ; Verheyden, Sonja ; Depreter, Barbara ; Heylen, Christine ; Coeman, Elke ; Abrams, Steven ; De Winter, Benedicte Y ; Massart, Annick ; Hellemans, Rachel ; Pipeleers, Lissa ; Claas, Frans H J ; Ariën, Kevin K ; Wissing, Karl Martin ; Abramowicz, Daniel ; Ledeganck, Kristien J. / SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination is not associated with the induction of anti-HLA or non-HLA antibodies. In: Transplant Immunology. 2022 ; Vol. 74.

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title = "SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination is not associated with the induction of anti-HLA or non-HLA antibodies",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is strongly recommended in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) and dialysis patients. Whether these vaccinations may trigger alloantibodies, is still debated.METHODS: In the current study we evaluated the effect of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines on anti-Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) and 60 anti-non-HLA antibody profiles in clinically stable KTR and dialysis patients. In total, we included 28 KTR, 30 patients on haemodialysis, 25 patients on peritoneal dialysis and 31 controls with a positive seroresponse 16-21 days after the first dose of either the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccine. Both anti-HLA and anti-non-HLA antibodies were determined prior to vaccination and 21 to 35 days after the second vaccine dose.RESULTS: Overall, the proportion of patients with detectable anti-HLA antibodies was similar before and after vaccination (class I 14% vs. 16%, p = 0.48; class II 25% before and after vaccination). After vaccination, there was no pattern in 1) additionally detected anti-HLA antibodies, or 2) the levels of pre-existing ones. Additional anti-non-HLA antibodies were detected in 30% of the patients, ranging from 1 to 5 new anti-non-HLA antibodies per patient. However, the clinical significance of anti-non-HLA antibodies is still a matter of debate. To date, only a significant association has been found for anti-non-HLA ARHGDIB antibodies and long-term kidney graft loss. No additionally developed anti-ARHGDIB antibodies or elevated level of existing anti-ARHGDIB antibodies was observed.CONCLUSION: The current data indicate that SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination does not induce anti-HLA or anti-non-HLA antibodies, corroborating the importance of vaccinating KTR and dialysis patients.",

keywords = "Antibodies, Human leukocyte antigen (HLA), Minor antigen, SARS-CoV-2, Vaccination",

author = "Wijtvliet, {Veerle P W M} and Sonja Verheyden and Barbara Depreter and Christine Heylen and Elke Coeman and Steven Abrams and {De Winter}, {Benedicte Y} and Annick Massart and Rachel Hellemans and Lissa Pipeleers and Claas, {Frans H J} and Ari{\"e}n, {Kevin K} and Wissing, {Karl Martin} and Daniel Abramowicz and Ledeganck, {Kristien J}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors would like to thank the study nurses E. Meersman, S. Verhofstede, N. Marmitte and T. Bogaerts for their excellent and efficient help. We also thank E. Snelders and J. Michiels for their logistical support, the lab technicians of the Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and L. Heyndrickx of the Institute of Tropical Medicine for the sample processing and P. Moons from Biobank Antwerp for his technical support. Special thanks to all the kidney transplant recipients, dialysis patients and control patients who made this study possible. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022 Copyright: Copyright 2023 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.",

year = "2022",

month = oct,

doi = "10.1016/j.trim.2022.101670",

language = "English",

volume = "74",

journal = "Transplant immunology",

issn = "0966-3274",

publisher = "Elsevier",

}

Wijtvliet, VPWM, Verheyden, S , Depreter, B, Heylen, C, Coeman, E, Abrams, S, De Winter, BY, Massart, A, Hellemans, R, Pipeleers, L, Claas, FHJ, Ariën, KK, Wissing, KM, Abramowicz, D & Ledeganck, KJ 2022, 'SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination is not associated with the induction of anti-HLA or non-HLA antibodies', Transplant Immunology, vol. 74, 101670. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trim.2022.101670

SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination is not associated with the induction of anti-HLA or non-HLA antibodies. / Wijtvliet, Veerle P W M; Verheyden, Sonja ; Depreter, Barbara; Heylen, Christine; Coeman, Elke; Abrams, Steven; De Winter, Benedicte Y; Massart, Annick; Hellemans, Rachel; Pipeleers, Lissa; Claas, Frans H J; Ariën, Kevin K; Wissing, Karl Martin; Abramowicz, Daniel; Ledeganck, Kristien J.

In: Transplant Immunology, Vol. 74, 101670, 10.2022.

Onderzoeksoutput: Article › peer review

TY - JOUR

T1 - SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination is not associated with the induction of anti-HLA or non-HLA antibodies

AU - Wijtvliet, Veerle P W M

AU - Verheyden, Sonja

AU - Depreter, Barbara

AU - Heylen, Christine

AU - Coeman, Elke

AU - Abrams, Steven

AU - De Winter, Benedicte Y

AU - Massart, Annick

AU - Hellemans, Rachel

AU - Pipeleers, Lissa

AU - Claas, Frans H J

AU - Ariën, Kevin K

AU - Wissing, Karl Martin

AU - Abramowicz, Daniel

AU - Ledeganck, Kristien J

N1 - Funding Information: The authors would like to thank the study nurses E. Meersman, S. Verhofstede, N. Marmitte and T. Bogaerts for their excellent and efficient help. We also thank E. Snelders and J. Michiels for their logistical support, the lab technicians of the Laboratory of Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics and L. Heyndrickx of the Institute of Tropical Medicine for the sample processing and P. Moons from Biobank Antwerp for his technical support. Special thanks to all the kidney transplant recipients, dialysis patients and control patients who made this study possible. Publisher Copyright: © 2022 Copyright: Copyright 2023 Elsevier B.V., All rights reserved.

PY - 2022/10

Y1 - 2022/10

N2 - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is strongly recommended in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) and dialysis patients. Whether these vaccinations may trigger alloantibodies, is still debated.METHODS: In the current study we evaluated the effect of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines on anti-Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) and 60 anti-non-HLA antibody profiles in clinically stable KTR and dialysis patients. In total, we included 28 KTR, 30 patients on haemodialysis, 25 patients on peritoneal dialysis and 31 controls with a positive seroresponse 16-21 days after the first dose of either the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccine. Both anti-HLA and anti-non-HLA antibodies were determined prior to vaccination and 21 to 35 days after the second vaccine dose.RESULTS: Overall, the proportion of patients with detectable anti-HLA antibodies was similar before and after vaccination (class I 14% vs. 16%, p = 0.48; class II 25% before and after vaccination). After vaccination, there was no pattern in 1) additionally detected anti-HLA antibodies, or 2) the levels of pre-existing ones. Additional anti-non-HLA antibodies were detected in 30% of the patients, ranging from 1 to 5 new anti-non-HLA antibodies per patient. However, the clinical significance of anti-non-HLA antibodies is still a matter of debate. To date, only a significant association has been found for anti-non-HLA ARHGDIB antibodies and long-term kidney graft loss. No additionally developed anti-ARHGDIB antibodies or elevated level of existing anti-ARHGDIB antibodies was observed.CONCLUSION: The current data indicate that SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination does not induce anti-HLA or anti-non-HLA antibodies, corroborating the importance of vaccinating KTR and dialysis patients.

AB - BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is strongly recommended in kidney transplant recipients (KTR) and dialysis patients. Whether these vaccinations may trigger alloantibodies, is still debated.METHODS: In the current study we evaluated the effect of SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines on anti-Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) and 60 anti-non-HLA antibody profiles in clinically stable KTR and dialysis patients. In total, we included 28 KTR, 30 patients on haemodialysis, 25 patients on peritoneal dialysis and 31 controls with a positive seroresponse 16-21 days after the first dose of either the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 vaccine. Both anti-HLA and anti-non-HLA antibodies were determined prior to vaccination and 21 to 35 days after the second vaccine dose.RESULTS: Overall, the proportion of patients with detectable anti-HLA antibodies was similar before and after vaccination (class I 14% vs. 16%, p = 0.48; class II 25% before and after vaccination). After vaccination, there was no pattern in 1) additionally detected anti-HLA antibodies, or 2) the levels of pre-existing ones. Additional anti-non-HLA antibodies were detected in 30% of the patients, ranging from 1 to 5 new anti-non-HLA antibodies per patient. However, the clinical significance of anti-non-HLA antibodies is still a matter of debate. To date, only a significant association has been found for anti-non-HLA ARHGDIB antibodies and long-term kidney graft loss. No additionally developed anti-ARHGDIB antibodies or elevated level of existing anti-ARHGDIB antibodies was observed.CONCLUSION: The current data indicate that SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination does not induce anti-HLA or anti-non-HLA antibodies, corroborating the importance of vaccinating KTR and dialysis patients.

KW - Antibodies

KW - Human leukocyte antigen (HLA)

KW - Minor antigen

KW - SARS-CoV-2

KW - Vaccination

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DO - 10.1016/j.trim.2022.101670

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SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination is not associated with the induction of anti-HLA or non-HLA antibodies

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