SEQUENTIAL AND SIMULTANEOUS BILINGUALISM AFFECT CHANGES IN NON-VERBAL CONFLICT PROCESSING IN CHILDREN’S BRAINS OVER TIME: AN FMRI STUDY

Seyede Ghazal Mohades, Esli Struys

Onderzoeksoutput: Meeting abstract (Book)

Samenvatting

Objective:
In our 2-year longitudinal fMRI study, the effect of bilingualism and age of 2nd language acquisition on neuro-maturation of cognitive control process was investigated in children's brain. Simultaneous and sequential bilinguals were compared to monolinguals in processing non-verbal conflicts using a colour-Simon paradigm. We expected that cognitive control tasks would be influenced by the level of language acquisition in children.
Method:
40 children(initial-age:96-141 months,time-interval:19-27 months) were scanned with a 3T MRI-system with an 8-channel SENSE head coil.[10monolinguals,16sequential-bilinguals,14simultaneous-bilinguals]
Sequence:SE-EPI,130 dynamics, FOV:212x230 mm2, matrix:104x105,22-4mm slices,TR:3
In Simon task red or green squares were shown in two categories congruent (position and colour match) and incongruent (position and colour mismatch). The participants were instructed to press right button for red and the left button for green.
Analysis
Data analysis was conducted using SPM8 software. BOLD signal was modelled by the HRF and its time derivative, including six motion parameters. The magnitude-image was calculated based on the combination of basis functions for higher level analysis.
Results:
Overal main-effect of Runs showed bilateral decrease in (STG,BA22), medial-frontal-gyrus(BA9),medial-frontal cortex(BA10) and parietal lobe(BA 40),left frontal lobe(BA 46),left insula (BA13), left putamen.
The interaction results of RunX Group showed activation in left parietal lobe:angular gyrus (Geschwind area BA39);Left frontal lobe(BA9, BA46 and BA10 ),bilateral decrease in parietal lobe (BA 40)
(post-hoc comparisons:table1)
Conclusion:
Cognitive control processes are known to be mediated by the frontal and the temporal lobes. Cognitive functional development of parietal lobe matures by adolescence. Prefrontal cortex function, however, develops into adulthood. The decrease in the activation of language-processing and general-conflict processing areas might relate to a decreased recruitment of compensatory brain areas as the specialised cognitive control areas become more efficient with age and this process seems to have different rate between bilinguals and monolinguals.
Originele taal-2English
TitelPhd Day DS L&M 2014
StatusPublished - apr 2014

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