TY - JOUR
T1 - Serum 25(OH)D Level on Hospital Admission Associated With COVID-19 Stage and Mortality
AU - De Smet, Dieter
AU - De Smet, Kristof
AU - Herroelen, Pauline
AU - Gryspeerdt, Stefaan
AU - Martens, Geert A
N1 - © American Society for Clinical Pathology, 2020. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: [email protected].
PY - 2021/3/1
Y1 - 2021/3/1
N2 - OBJECTIVES: Vitamin D deficiency was previously correlated with incidence and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We investigated the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level on admission and radiologic stage and outcome of COVID-19 pneumonia.METHODS: A retrospective observational trial was done on 186 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected individuals hospitalized from March 1, 2020, to April 7, 2020, with combined chest computed tomography (CT) and 25(OH)D measurement on admission. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to study if vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D <20 ng/mL) correlates with survival independently of confounding comorbidities.RESULTS: Of the patients with COVID-19, 59% were vitamin D deficient on admission: 47% of females and 67% of males. In particular, male patients with COVID-19 showed progressively lower 25(OH)D with advancing radiologic stage, with deficiency rates increasing from 55% in stage 1 to 74% in stage 3. Vitamin D deficiency on admission was not confounded by age, ethnicity, chronic lung disease, coronary artery disease/hypertension, or diabetes and was associated with mortality (odds ratio [OR], 3.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30-11.55), independent of age (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.03-1.14), chronic lung disease (OR, 3.61; 95% CI, 1.18-11.09), and extent of lung damage expressed by chest CT severity score (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.01-1.25).CONCLUSIONS: Low 25(OH)D levels on admission are associated with COVID-19 disease stage and mortality.
AB - OBJECTIVES: Vitamin D deficiency was previously correlated with incidence and severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). We investigated the association between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) level on admission and radiologic stage and outcome of COVID-19 pneumonia.METHODS: A retrospective observational trial was done on 186 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)-infected individuals hospitalized from March 1, 2020, to April 7, 2020, with combined chest computed tomography (CT) and 25(OH)D measurement on admission. Multivariate regression analysis was performed to study if vitamin D deficiency (25(OH)D <20 ng/mL) correlates with survival independently of confounding comorbidities.RESULTS: Of the patients with COVID-19, 59% were vitamin D deficient on admission: 47% of females and 67% of males. In particular, male patients with COVID-19 showed progressively lower 25(OH)D with advancing radiologic stage, with deficiency rates increasing from 55% in stage 1 to 74% in stage 3. Vitamin D deficiency on admission was not confounded by age, ethnicity, chronic lung disease, coronary artery disease/hypertension, or diabetes and was associated with mortality (odds ratio [OR], 3.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30-11.55), independent of age (OR, 1.09; 95% CI, 1.03-1.14), chronic lung disease (OR, 3.61; 95% CI, 1.18-11.09), and extent of lung damage expressed by chest CT severity score (OR, 1.12; 95% CI, 1.01-1.25).CONCLUSIONS: Low 25(OH)D levels on admission are associated with COVID-19 disease stage and mortality.
KW - 25(OH)D
KW - COVID-19 disease
KW - Coronavirus
KW - Laboratory analysis
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - Viral pneumonia
KW - Vitamin D deficiency
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85102098518&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://datadryad.org/stash/dataset/doi:10.5061/dryad.37pvmcvh7
U2 - 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa252
DO - 10.1093/ajcp/aqaa252
M3 - Article
C2 - 33236114
SN - 0002-9173
VL - 155
SP - 381
EP - 388
JO - American Journal of Clinical Pathology
JF - American Journal of Clinical Pathology
IS - 3
ER -